2024-03-28T22:14:55Z
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/do/oai/
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1005
2005-12-20T22:50:15Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
A SURVEY COMPARISON OF PEST CONTROL AND NUISANCE WILDLIFE CONTROL OPERATORS IN KENTUCKY
Barns, Thomas G.
A variety of factors including increased urbanization decreased funding for governmental animal damage programs, and increases in some urban wildlife populations have resulted in a greater demand for urban nuisance wildlife control. Historically, this demand was met by Cooperative Extension Service (San Julian 1987), state fish and wildlife agency, or federal wildlife damage control employees (Bollengier 1981) These agencies provided educational materials, consultations, an-or physically removed animals. Recently, there is an increased demand for physical animal removal evidenced by increasing numbers of private Pest control operators (PCO), companies that do general pest or insect control work, specializing in the removal of urban nuisance wildlife (Braband and Clark 1992). These individuals or companies are referred to as nuisance wildlife control operators (NWCO). A third group of companies, nuisance wildlife and pest control companies (NWPCO) do not specialize in nuisance wildlife control but will respond to customer complaints that involve at least one wildlife species excluding domestic cats (Felis domesticus), house mice (Mus musculus) or rats (Rattus spp.). Previous animal damage survey research focused on the magnitude and distribution of wildlife damage, stakeholders’ tolerance levels, and management preferences for solving human wildlife conflicts (Pomerantz et al. 1986). Much of this research has been directed towards rural landowner attitudes concerning deer (Odocoileus spp.), goose (Branta spp.), beaver for (Castor canadensis), black bear (Ursus americanus) or coyote (Canis latrans) damage (reviewed by Craven et al. 1992). Little detailed information exists about the urban nuisance wildlife control industry. One recent study (Associated Market Research 1991) examined the extent of PCO involvement in nuisance wildlife control but did not obtain detailed information about specific attributes of the NWCO business. These results may be unreliable because of a low (18%) response rate. My objectives were to determine 1) the status of the nuisance wildlife control industry in Kentucky, 2) the technical training of NWCO, and 3) the techniques used by NWCO LA prevent, control, or manage urban nuisance wildlife.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/6
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1005/viewcontent/6ewdcbarnes.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
animal damage control
human dimensions
pest control
education
live-trapping.
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1008
2005-12-20T22:58:41Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
STATUS AND MANAGEMENT OF VOLE DAMAGE TO HORTICULTURAL PLANTINGS IN NORTH CAROLINA
Bromley, Peter T.
Sullivan, William T., Jr.
A trapping study in 1979 indicated that voles (Microtus pinetorum and M. pinetorum) were distributed widely in North Carolina. In 1991, Extension Agents with the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service were surveyed to determine the distribution, nature and severity of vole damage to horticultural plantings, home orchards, and other plantings. Data from the statewide trapping survey and the poll of agents coincided to indicate that voles, particularly pine voles, caused damage from the mountains to the coast. Existing, legal control methods were judged grossly inadequate by agents. Pursuant to the surveys, the North Carolina Pesticide Board and the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission were petitioned to approve changes in the North Carolina Administrative Code to reclassify voles as pests in horticultural plantings. The rule change, published on March 3, 1993, permitted use of non-restricted rodenticides to control voles. The product recommended was Rozol Parrafinized Pellets. Extension Agents enthusiastically welcomed the change. An extension publication for home horticulturalists on controlling vole damage is in preparation.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/9
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1008/viewcontent/6ewdcbromley1.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
voles
damage
policy
North Carolina
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1007
2005-12-20T22:55:34Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
THE ROLE OF THE NUISANCE WILDLIFE CONTROL PRACTITIONER IN URBAN WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION
Braband, Lynn A.
Private sector involvement in nuisance wildlife control has evolved from primarily part-time trappers to full-time firms with their own professional organization, the National Urban Wildlife Management Organization (NUWMA). The private sector plays a key role in urban wildlife management by providing an effective service in addressing human/wildlife conflicts. This role can be improved and expanded by enabling nuisance control practitioners to provide accurate information on wildlife biology, damage prevention, and even wildlife habitat promotion. Both government agencies and private organizations, such as NUWMA, can facilitate this by developing appropriate training, regulations, licensing procedures, standards of ethics, and continuing education programs.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/8
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1007/viewcontent/6ewdcbraband.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1000
2005-12-20T22:26:41Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
Frontmatter and Table of Contents
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/1
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1000/viewcontent/6ewdcking1.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1001
2005-12-20T22:29:35Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
IMPACT OF CLEARCUT SIZE ON WHITE-TAILED DEER USE AND TREE REGENERATION
Akins, James W.
Michael, Edwin D.
Northeastern forests have experienced regeneration delays and/or failures due to browsing by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Investigations were made in north-central West Virginia to determine if the size of clearcut is correlated with degree of deer browsing, regeneration of shrubs and trees, and percent ground cover by various herbaceous plants. Tree seedlings, woody shrubs, and herbaceous ground cover were recorded in September 1992 and August 1993 on 16, 1-year-old clearcuts, ranging in size from 0.8 to 0.2 ha. Woody regeneration was categorized by species, origin, browsed or not, and vegetative height class on 25 systematically arranged sampling stations within each clearcut. Herbaceous plant cover (ferns, grasses, and sedges) was ocularly estimated as percent horizontal ground cover. All tree and shrub combined and commercial tree species for timber were species significantly taller in the 0.8-ha clearcuts than in the smaller cuts. Percent browsed was generally lower for all tree species groups and Rubus spp. in the 0.8-ha clearcuts than in the smaller clearcuts. Tree seedling diversity was relatively unaffected and percent fern cover was greatest in the 0.2-ha clearcuts. White-tailed deer use was relatively unaffected by clearcut size 1 and 2 years after harvest. If timber and wildlife are the primary objectives of small forest landowners, clearcuts smaller than 0.8-ha in size should be avoided.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/2
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1001/viewcontent/6ewdcakins.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Odocoileus virginianus
white-tailed deer
clearcut size
regeneration
herbaceous cover
stocking rates.
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1002
2018-01-27T20:01:09Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
EFFECTIVENESS OF DIMETHYL ANTHRANILATE AND EYESPOTS FOR REDUCING FEED CONSUMPTION BY STARLINGS
Avery, Michael L.
Matteson, Raymond E.
The bird repellent properties of methyl anthranilate (MA) and dimethyl anthranilate (DMA) are well-established. Nevertheless, development of means to reduce the amount of chemical needed to effect satisfactory repellency would reduce costs and make their use even more attractive. Thus, we evaluated the usefulness of a visual stimulus for increasing DMA repellency. We offered groups of captive European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) untreated food and DMA-treated food, and to some groups we also presented a putatively repellent eyespot pattern. As expected, a DMA concentration of 1.4% (gig) reduced (P = 0.001) consumption of treated food compared to untreated; 0.3% DMA was ineffective. While, the presence of the eyespot pattern alone reduced food consumption by about 50%, pairing the eyespots with the DMA treatments did not improve the chemical's effectiveness at either level. Even though the eyespot pattern was initially aversive, prolonged exposure resulted in rapid habituation. Although visual scare devices using eyespot patterns are marketed for bird control, our findings suggest that alone they are probably of limited value against starlings. Instead, integrated approaches employing visual, aural, and chemical deterrents are needed.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/3
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1002/viewcontent/6ewdc_avery.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
bird repellent
dimethyl anthranilate
DMA
European starting
eyespots
feeding deterrent
Sturnus vulgaris
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1003
2005-12-20T22:42:44Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
A COOPERATIVE APPROACH TO RESOLVING A MARMOT DAMAGE PROBLEM IN AN URBAN RECREATIONAL SITE
Bangerter, Layne R.
The United States Army Corps of Engineers (COE) requested that USDA, APHIS, Animal Damage Control (ADC) investigate methods of yellowbelly marmot (Marmota flaviventris) removal along a parkway and levee system in Lewiston, Idaho. COE biologists determined that burrowing marmots had penetrated and were compromising the integrity of the levee core. In addition to protecting downtown Lewiston from flooding, the levee is used as a popular bicycle and foot path. The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), and other groups and individuals became involved at meetings held to discuss potential methods of resolving the problem. ADC in cooperation with HSUS proposed cage trapping and humane euthanasia with carbon-monoxide gas. Forty-eight marmots were removed during three days of trapping. This represented approximately 90% of the population on the levee system. The news media took an interest in the project and provided favorable coverage. This project demonstrated that groups with traditionally differing viewpoints on wildlife damage management can achieve a balance of the needs of society through teamwork and cooperation.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/4
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1003/viewcontent/6ewdcbangerter.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1004
2005-12-20T22:47:11Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
STRATEGIES TO ADDRESS HUMAN CONFLICTS WITH RACCOONS AND BLACK BEARS IN NEW HAMPSHIRE
Barden, Marsha E.
Slate, Dennis
Calvert, Robert T.
Debow, Paul W.
The Cooperative Animal Damage Control program in New Hampshire has received increasing requests for assistance over the past 5 years. This trend is due largely to changing public concern over black bears (Ursus americanus) in residential areas and an epizootic of the Mid-Atlantic strain of rabies in raccoons (Procyon lotor). A growing number of requests is related to improper garbage storage and feeding of songbirds during late spring and summer. Some traditional methods, especially livetrapping and relocation, are not generally appropriate to resolve these conflicts. In this paper we discuss trends in requests for assistance from 1988 to 1992 and innovative strategies that emphasize better cooperation among agencies and human behavior modification to address the source of the problem.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/5
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1004/viewcontent/6ewdcbarden.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
wildlife damage
black bear
raccoon
garbage
bird feeder
New Hampshire
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1006
2005-12-20T22:53:24Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
BALANCING THE NEEDS OF SOCIETY: A PERSPECTIVE FOR WILDLIFE DAMAGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ’90S
Berryman, Jack H.
This is a moment when the new direction of wildlife damage management, an increase in needs for services and an emerging philosophy of resource use all come together: It is important to seize the moment and keep the momentum going. We are at one of those times when circumstances and favorable conditions present both challenge and opportunity. Broadening the view of “balance” and “need” to go beyond material, ecological and economic considerations and to recognize the total public interest is the real need in “balancing the needs of society.” It is the challenge and opportunity for the future
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/7
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1006/viewcontent/6ewdcberryman.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1013
2005-12-21T16:50:20Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
ADVANCING DEER REPELLENT PERFORMANCE: FINE-TUNING HINDER APPLICATIONS AND POTENTIAL USES FOR INSECTICIDAL SOAPS
Fargione, Michael J.
Richmond, Milo E.
Deer feed on buds, shoots, leaves and fruit (Scott and Townsend 1985), and cause substantial economic losses for many apple producers (Purdy et al. 1987). A variety of mitigation techniques are used to control such damage including deer population reduction via hunting, exclusion fencing and scare devices. However, most commercial apple producers rely on home-made or commercial repellents to control deer damage (Purdy et al. 1987). Despite their popularity, repellents have often provided only limited or highly-variable control (Conover 1984, 1987, Hygnstrom and Craven 1988). There is considerable need to improve the performance of existing repellents, or to identify new materials which are effective at preventing damage. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of Safer and Hinder in preventing deer damage to dormant apple trees during each of two winter seasons. In the second year of the project, we also evaluated whether adding a sticker to Hinder improved its effectiveness as a repellent. Test materials were provided by Leffingwell Chemical Group of Uniroyal Chemical Company Incorporated (Hinder), Mycogen Company (Safer and M-Pede) and the Miller Chemical and Fertilizer Corporation vapor Guard sticker). We thank producers G. VanDuser, R. Dressel and C. Innis for allowing us to use their orchards. This work is a contribution to the Cornell Wildlife Damage Management Program, and was supported by funds from USDA APHIS/ADC and the NY Cooperative Fish Wildlife Research Unit.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/14
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1013/viewcontent/6ewdcfargione.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
apple
damage
deer
repellent
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1009
2005-12-21T16:37:00Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN HANDLING NUISANCE WILDLIFE DAMAGE IN NORTH CAROLINA
Bromley, Peter T.
Betsill, Carl
Cannon, Rodney
Hiesterberg, Jon F.
Jones, Edwin J.
Sullivan, William T., Jr.
Sumner, Perry
Wilson, Randall C.
Woodward, David D.
The current procedure for handling wildlife nuisance problems in North Carolina requires the landowner, manager, or lessee to obtain a Wildlife Depredation Permit from the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (CWRC), except when an animal is caught damaging property. The Wildlife Damage Committee of the North Carolina Chapter of The Wildlife Society has evaluated the policy. Current laws and regulations do protect valuable, native wildlife species, but these requirements are unsatisfactory for handling routine nuisance wildlife problems. Citizen demand for assistance could be satisfied better if existing legislation were rewritten to provide the Commission more latitude in declaring certain animals pests under certain conditions. Additionally, private pest control operators could be trained and licensed to handle wildlife nuisance problems. The rationale and consequences of these policy changes are discussed.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/10
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1009/viewcontent/6ewdcbromley2.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1011
2018-04-11T13:36:01Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
PUBLIC POLICY EDUCATION: AN IMPORTANT WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITY
Curtis, Paul D.
Suburban wildlife management issues are generating heated debate between citizen organizations, elected public officials, and state wildlife management agencies. Decisions are being made by town and county officials which directly impact or supersede state authority for managing resident wildlife. As an example, I will focus this discussion on the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), management controversy at Durand Eastman Park, in the greater Rochester metropolitan area, New York.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/12
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1011/viewcontent/6ewdccurtis2.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1015
2005-12-21T16:57:52Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
DISPERSAL OF RING-BILLED GULL NESTING COLONIES IN NEW YORK STATE
Forbes, James E.
Bedford, Maury W.
Beck, William W.
Archuleta, Brian V.
Ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarenis) are adapting to rooftop nesting habitats throughout the Northeast and the Great Lake States. Presently, six such colonies exist in New York State. Noise, plus accumulations of droppings, feathers and nesting material, cause unsanitary conditions, structural damage, health problems, traffic problems and have lead to Occupational Safety and Health Administration citations. We began a 3-year project in 1991 at two locations, Niagara Falls and Syracuse, New York, to relocate nesting gulls to other nesting sites. Eight lethal and nonlethal control alternatives were considered and three nonlethal alternatives were selected. We concluded that: (1) the nonlethal techniques used were successful in relocating the two gull nesting colonies, (2) the techniques must be used for 3 years to be successful because of the age of sexual maturity in this species, and (3) there are several interesting areas for future research on this problem.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/16
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1015/viewcontent/6ewdcforbes.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1020
2005-12-21T17:14:27Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
EXCLUDING NON-MIGRATORY CANADA GEESE WITH OVERHEAD WIRE GRIDS
Lowney, Martin S.
Non-migratory urban Canada geese present complex problems requiring innovative techniques that are effective yet acceptable to contemporary society. A grid technique was modified and developed to discourage non-migratory urban Canada geese from using water sources and thus abandoning adjacent areas. The technique is believed effective because it restricts the use of water resources for escape and reduces the required long takeoff and landing zones of Canada geese. The grid successfully reduced non-migratory Canada geese from using three sites in northern Virginia. Several grid configurations and types of materials are discussed.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/21
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1020/viewcontent/6ewdclowney.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1014
2005-12-21T16:53:19Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
PROPAGATION OF BAMBOO AS BLACKBIRD LURE ROOST HABITAT
Flynt, Richard D.
Glahn, James F.
Bamboo and native cane species have been suggested as optimal lure roost habitat for shifting blackbird winter roosts away from objectionable urban/suburban sites. As the second phase in developing this potential concept of alleviating conflicts with blackbirds, we report on information gathered from the literature, consultations with bamboo horticulturists, and on-site visits to previously developed bamboo plantations to select desirable species of bamboo for this purpose, and to identify preferred propagating techniques. Bamboo species Phyllostachys rubromarginata and P. nigra henonis ranked highest in terms of greatest cold tolerance, greatest propensity for lateral spreading, and most suitable structure characteristics for maintaining blackbird roosting population densities. The planting of selected rhyme cuttings at 5 X 5 m (16 X 16 ft.) spacing in the early spring was found to be the most practical method of successfully developing desirable roosting habitat in 3-4 years. Other considerations in propagating and managing bamboo as blackbird roosting habitat are discussed.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/15
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1014/viewcontent/6ewdcflynt.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Bamboo
blackbirds (Icterinae)
blackbird lure roost
cane
roost habitat
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1023
2005-12-21T17:22:34Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
AN EVALUATION OF FLOATING ROPES FOR REDUCING CORMORANT DAMAGE AT CATFISH PONDS
Mott, Donald F.
Flynt, Richard D.
King, Junior O.
A floating rope system consisting of lengths of 9.5 mm (3/8 in) yellow polyethylene rope and foam floats was evaluated for reducing double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) depredation on farm raised channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) Mississippi. The ropes were placed at 15-17 m intervals across 2 ponds (4.6 and 6.0 ha) perpendicular to the prevailing winds. Helium-filled balloons were used in an attempt to enhance the effect of the ropes. Cormorant numbers entering both test ponds were recorded during pretreatment, treatment, and posttreatment periods. The floating ropes were effective in reducing cormorant numbers on ponds (by at least 95%) during the 3 to 8-week treatment periods and may be more practical to use on large (>2 ha) ponds than overhead wire grid systems.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/24
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1023/viewcontent/6ewdcmott.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
barriers
catfish
control methods
double-crested cormorants
Phalacrocorax auritus
predation
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1016
2005-12-21T17:00:40Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
CAN WE LANDSCAPE TO ACCOMMODATE DEER? THE TRACY ESTATE RESEARCH GARDEN
Heinrich, Helen H.
Predl, Susan
The Morris County Park Commission, manager of hundreds of acres of open space in this central New Jersey county, realized that the white-tailed deer residing on park land were having a detrimental effect on the vegetation on these properties. A Wildlife Management Advisory Committee to the Commission was formed to measure the dimensions of the problem and to find ways to mitigate the effects of the deer population of deer. One recommendation of the Committee was to determine if a landscape design could be developed to use plantings less attractive to the deer; planted in ways that might discourage heavy browsing. In 1990, the Morris County Park Commission commissioned landscape architect, Helen Heinrich to design a garden based on the lines and spaces of the gardens surrounding the Tracy mansion in the 1920s and 1930s. No attempt was made to restore the original plants in the garden, but to adapt the garden as much as necessary to the demands of the present deer population. The first step in developing such a design was to determine which plants were browsed by deer in this area, and which could be utilized in the garden design. No damage controls, such as fencing or repellents, would be used.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/17
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1016/viewcontent/6ewdcheinrich.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1018
2005-12-21T17:06:46Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
DEER DAMAGE IN TENNESSEE: LANDOWNER PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES
King, Michael M.
Survey results suggest that the most common perception among Tennessee landowners is that during the last five years the white-tailed deer population has increased. Over 43% of survey respondents indicated that they felt there are more deer now than five years ago. However, in spite of the general agreement that the deer population has increased, less than 20% of the respondents indicated that there was more damage now than five years ago. When asked about amount of damage they had experienced from deer during the last year, 67.3% answered that they had experienced no damage while 32.6% incurred some damage (18.3% experienced light damage, 8.6% moderate damage, 3.7% substantial damage and 2% severe damage). Of those landowners that bad experienced some damage, only 12.6% felt the damage was unreasonable. A majority of the respondents with damage felt the damage was negligible (44.0%) or tolerable (43.4%). The general feeling of landowners toward deer was favorable. Sixty-two percent of survey respondents indicated that they considered deer to have aesthetic value and liked to have them around. Slightly more than 12% indicated that they enjoyed deer but worried that they might cause damage to their crops. Only 9.5% felt like deer were a nuisance.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/19
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1018/viewcontent/6ewdcking2.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
White-tailed deer
damage
landowner perceptions
attitudes
Tennessee
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1025
2005-12-21T17:27:57Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS, Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/26
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1025/viewcontent/6ewdcparticipants.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1026
2005-12-21T17:32:47Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
PERCEPTIONS KNOWLEDGE OF ALABAMA FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCERS TOWARDS COYOTES
Philipp, M. Chad
Armstrong, James B.
Members of the Alabama Fruit and Vegetable Producers Association (AFVP) were surveyed in 1992-1993 to assess their attitudes and knowledge of coyotes and the amount of perceived damage caused by coyotes. A mail-back questionnaire was developed and pilot tested. The revised questionnaire was sent to all members (N = 84) of the AFVP; individuals whose main income is the production of fruits and vegetables. Seventy-seven percent (n = 61) of those surveyed returned completed questionnaires. Tests for nonresponse bias were conducted and results showed no significant difference. Attitudes were assessed using a Likert scale where 1 = respondents favoring maximum protection of coyotes and 5 = maximum control of coyotes. Data analysis suggests that attitudes of fruit and vegetable producers towards coyotes is neither maximum protection nor maximum control (x=3.61). However, their attitudes do lean toward the maximum control side of the scale. In addition, knowledge about coyotes and perceived threat by coyotes did not affect producer’s attitudes (x2 = 261.12, P = 0.54; x2 = 904.50, P = 0.37, respectively), however, those with coyote damage more strongly favored control.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/27
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1026/viewcontent/6ewdcphillip.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
attitudes
coyote (Canis latrans)
fruit and vegetable producers
human dimensions
knowledge
wildlife damage
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1021
2005-12-21T17:16:09Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
WILDLIFE DAMAGE MANAGEMENT ON A PUBLIC WATER WAY
Lyons, Paul J.
Wildlife populations can pose a variety of problems to managers of public water supplies. Further, new federal and state regulations governing the management and protection of drinking water supplies require greater consideration and mitigation of these problems. Metropolitan District Commission (MDC) manages watershed lands that provide high quality drinking water to more than 2.4 million people in Massachusetts. This water originates from the central and western portions of the state, from 3 watersheds and 2 reservoirs that also provide habitat for a wide variety of wildlife species. In recent years, the MDC has evaluated the impacts of various wildlife species on water quality and watershed integrity, and has instituted control measures to deal with several wildlife problems. These include: 1) management of beaver for (Castor canadensis) and beaver dams; 2) dispersion of gulls (Larus spp.) and Canada geese (Branta canadensis) that roost on the reservoirs; 3) a program to control white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) impacts on forest regeneration; and 4) control of small mammal burrowing activity in dams and dikes. The development of effective and successful programs for dealing with these problems has required careful assessment of the nature and extent of the impacts, including how they conflict with agency mandates, as well as an assessment of public opinions and concerns.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/22
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1021/viewcontent/6ewdclyons.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Wildlife damage management; water supplies; Massachusetts; Quabbin Reservation; Beaver; White-tailed deer; Gulls
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1027
2005-12-21T17:34:50Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
EVALUATING THE GAS CARTRIDGE FOR COYOTES IN CONTROLLING BADGERS
Ramey, Craig A.
Efficacy investigations were conducted in Pampa, Tx to evaluate the use of the “GAS CARTRIDGE FOR COYOTES: (Canis latrans) for controlling problem badgers (Taxidea taxus) in burrows. This coyote cartridge with two active ingredients (sodium nitrate and charcoal), produces high concentrations of carbon monoxide when burned and is effective in controlling coyotes in dens. Badgers were live-trapped, immobilized, and equipped with mortality-indicating radio transmitters prior to their release. Movements were monitored for a minimum of 12 days prior to each initial efficacy test and for at least 3 days in follow up tests for survivors. Only occupied burrows, unplugged and previously utilized by the badger during the study, were selected for gassing. The coyote cartridge was used according to label directions, and survival or mortality were recorded for each test. The mortality rate was 25% (1/4 attempts) using one gas cartridge and 50% (1/2) using two. Survivors resurfaced between 5-72 hrs after the gassing and relocated a least 2 km away from the test burrow. Because the overall 33% mortality was well below the 70% minimum efficacy standard recommended by the EPA, the study was discontinued. Results suggested that amending this registration for badgers should not be pursued. Factors possibly contributing to badger survival are discussed including a tolerance for low oxygen, behavior associated with burrow entrance disturbance, soil porosity and moisture content, and badger body weight.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/28
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1027/viewcontent/6ewdcramey.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
badger
efficacy test
gas cartridge
movements
radiotelemetry
Taxidea taxus
Texas
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1022
2005-12-21T17:19:27Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
EFFECTS OF A BIRD HAZARD REDUCTION FORCE ON REDUCING BIRD/AIRCRAFT STRIKE HAZARDS AT THE ATLANTIC CITY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, NJ
Montoney, Andy J.
Boggs, H. Christopher
Bird-aircraft strikes at the Atlantic City International Airport (ACY) increased from 18 in 1989 to 37 in 1990. The number of bird-aircraft strikes involving gulls (Larus spp.) during this time rose from 6 to 27, a 350% increase. The predominant species involved in bird strikes was the laughing gull (L. atricilla). Pursuant to an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)l Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)/Animal Damage Control (ADC), ADC established a Emergency/Experimental Bird Hazard Reduction Force (BHFF) at ACY in 1991. An Environmental Assessment (EA) and Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) for the 1991 Emergency/Experimental BHRF was executed and signed by the FAA on 19 May 1991. The BHRF was adopted at this time by the FAA Technical Center as an annual program to reduce bird strikes at ACY. The BHRF goals are to minimize or eliminate the incidence of bird-aircraft strikes and runway closures due to increased bird activities. A BHRF team consisting of ADC personnel patrolled ACY for 95 days from 26 May until 28 August 1992, for a total of 2,949 person-hours. The BHRF used a combination of pyrotechnics, amplified gull distress tapes and live ammunition to harass gulls away from the airport from dawn to dusk. Gullaircraft strikes were reduced during BHRF operations in 1992 by 86% compared to gull strikes during summer months of 1990 when there was not a BHRF team. Runway closures due to bird activity decreased 100% compared to 1990 and 1991 closures. The BHRF should continue at ACY as long as birds are a threat to human safety and aircraft operations.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/23
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1022/viewcontent/6ewdcmontoney.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1028
2005-12-21T17:40:12Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
THE USE OF ODOR TO INDUCE AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR IN PINE VOLES
Salatti, Christopher J.
Woolhouse, Anthony D.
Vandenbergh, John G.
Commercial orchards, ornamental nurseries, and residential horticulture in North Carolina experience economic losses due to pine vole (Microtus pinetorum) depredation. Predator odors and the herbicide Casoron were tested as potential repellents for pine voles. To test for avoidance behavior, animals were allowed to build a nest in one of two chambers attached to each arm of a Y-maze. The cage containing the nest was treated with either a test repellent compound, methylene chloride (solvent control), or left unmanipulated (control). Animals were categorized as either maintaining or changing nest cage preference between pre-test and test periods. The number of animals that changed cage preference in the control group was compared to the treatment groups. Only the Casoron treatments were significantly different, with approximately 50% of the animals changing preference. The difference in time spent in the nest cage during the pre-test and test periods for the treatment groups were compared to control groups. The Casoron and DTT treatments resulted in significant time differences. These results indicate that Casoron has repellent potential and warrants further investigation into its effectiveness in the field. The predator odors tested showed little promise as repellents.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/29
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1028/viewcontent/6ewdcsalatti.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Repellent
pine vole
Microtus pinetorum
North Carolina
orchard
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1024
2005-12-21T17:26:09Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
EVALUATION OF MAX-FLEX FAST FENCE(TM) FOR REDUCING DEER DAMAGE TO CROPS
Owen, John T.
Armstrong, James B.
Stribling, H. Lee
Causey, M. Keith
A 2-year study was undertaken to assess the effectivenesS of Max-Flex Fast FenceTM electric fencing materials (polytape) for reducing damage to crops. Specifically, our goal was to look at the efficacy of this product for the borne gardener. In the first phase of the project, plots of approximately 1/40 acre were established in areas of historically high deer densitieS. Each plot was planted with soybeans and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 fencing configurations or to the open control group. Within each plot, 6' wide strips were tilled across the length. These tilled areas were checked for the presence of deer tracks. The study design was replicated 3 times to produce 12 treatment plots (3 of each fence configuration) and 3 open controls. Fences were charged via a New bland-type high voltage, low-impedance charger. The open controls were fed on heavily by deer and soon were almost void of foliage. Results suggest that under these conditions even a single strand of polytape 2 1/2' high was successful in preventing deer from entering the plots. Phase 2 of the study used a single strand of polytape 2 1/2' feet from the ground to exclude deer from plots ranging in size from 0.025 acres to 1 acre. Each exclosure was planted with soybeans. Three replication areas were selected and plots randomly established within the replicates. The effectivenesS of the single strand was much less conclusive than in Phase I, with deer entering all plots at some time during the study. However, there does appear to be a direct relationship between plot size and number of deer tracks observed in the plot. In addition, there were significant differences in fence effectiveness between replicates. We concluded that a single strand of polytape electric fencing, if properly installed, could be a suitable deterrent to deer in a small garden situation.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/25
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1024/viewcontent/6ewdcowen.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1030
2017-04-10T12:25:04Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
BALANCING THE NEEDS OF SOCIETY: LISTENING TO THE PUBLIC
Schmidt, Robert K.
Wildlife damage management, as a professional activity, is involved in a broad range of management issues affecting agricultural productivity and profitability, human health and safety, and endangered and valued species management. Surveys by S. Kellert and others have indicated that the general public is agreeable to resolving wildlife damage issues, even utilizing lethal technologies. However, surveys and case histories have also indicated that the process involved in resolving wildlife damage issues invokes much public concern. By process I mean the specific methodologies, strategies, and resource and social tradeoffs involved in developing and implementing a wildlife damage management program.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/31
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1030/viewcontent/6ewdcschmidt.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1029
2005-12-21T17:44:46Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
A SUMMARY OF REPORTED DEER-RELATED VEHICLE ACCIDENTS IN A VIRGINIA CITY
Scanlon, Patrick F.
Wilmoth, William F.
Rexroad, Ralph W.
Data from 548 reported accidents involving white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and vehicles in Lynchburg during the years 1987-1991 were summarized. A majority (54.4%) occurred in the months October, November and December with 25.9% occurring in November. While accidents occurred at all hours, most (50%) occurred between 1700 and 0100 hrs.; about 12% occurred between 0600 and 0900 hrs. Accidents occurred on all days of the week (range 12.8% to 17.0%) and were not higher on work days. Adverse weather did not seem to he a factor increasing collisions; 80% of collisions occurred in clear weather. Most (75%) accidents occurred in dark conditions; 50% occurred on lighted highways. Accidents resulted in 9 human injuries and 1 human fatality.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/30
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1029/viewcontent/6ewdcscanlon.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1031
2005-12-21T17:49:16Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
LANDOWNERS PERCEPTIONS OF CROP DAMAGE FROM WHITE-TAILED DEER IN SOUTH CAROLINA
Smathers, Webb M., Jr.
Stratton, Gary R.
Shipes, Derrell
Survey respondents reported a definite increase in the population of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in South Carolina. Almost 73% of the producers from a random sample indicated that deer populations have increased over the five year period preceding 1991. With a higher deer population, crop damage from deer became more prevalent, and 72% of the producers indicated having some level of damage. The producers in the sample had mixed feelings about the damage their crops received with 70% indicating that the damage was either negligible or was tolerable in exchange for having deer around. In South Carolina the increasing deer population and problem with crop damage is regional in nature, with certain regions of the state being affected more than others. About one-third of the agricultural producers in South Carolina reflected an attitude that they were substantially negatively affected by deer damage to crops.
1993-09-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/32
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1031/viewcontent/6ewdcsmathers.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1032
2005-12-21T17:51:31Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
LONG-TERM TRIAL OF AN INFLATABLE EFFIGY SCARE DEVICE OR REPELLING CORMORANTS FROM CATFISH PONDS
Stickley, Allen R., Jr.
King, Junior O.
Growing winter populations of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocoax auritus) over the past decade have caused serious depredation problems for commercial channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) growers in the Mississippi Delta (Stickley and Andrews 1989). Stickley et al. (1992) found that cormorants allowed to feed without hindrance took an average of 5 catfish fingerlings per foraging hour, but at times took as many as 28 fingerlings per hour. Obviously, growers have to repel these birds or suffer heavy losses where the cormorants are feeding on catfish fingerlings and not gizzard shad (Jorosoma Gredianum) as they at times do (Stickley et al. 1992). Motionless scare devices tend to reduce cormorant depredations only temporarily (Feare 1988, Littauer 1990). However, a pop-up inflatable effigy device (Fig. 1) known as “Scarey Man” ($595 available through R. Royal, P.O. Box 108, Midnight, MS 39115)1 proved to be effective in reducing cormorant numbers on catfish ponds in 4 separate tests that ranged in length from 10 to 19 days. Cormorant numbers were reduced 71, 93, 95 and 99%, respectively, from pretreatment levels in these tests conducted in early 1991 in the Mississippi Delta (Stickley, pers. comm.). Success in these short-term tests prompted a longer term trial of Scarey Man. This paper describes such a trial conducted in the Mississippi Delta in early 1992.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/33
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1032/viewcontent/6ewdcstickley.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1033
2005-12-21T18:10:38Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
ReJeX-iT(TM)AG-36, A POTENTIAL TOOL TO PROTECT SEEDS FROM BIRD DEPREDATION
Vogt, Peter F.
The ever increasing bird populations (e.g., Black birds, geese etc.) are known to cause considerable losses to agriculture. This problem has reached serious proportions for crops that are farmed on large tracts and are seeded by aerial application such as rice and canola. ReJeX-iTTM AG-36, a non-toxic, biodegradable bird aversion formulation, derived from food grade ingredients, has been proven in pen tests and field trials to be effective as a seed treatment to prevent birds from eating the treated seeds. The product does not harm the seeds or the effected birds in any way, even if ingested; it just makes the seeds unpalatable to further feeding.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/34
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1033/viewcontent/6ewdcvogt.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1035
2005-12-21T18:00:10Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
USE PATTERNS OF NUISANCE BLACK-CROWNED NIGHT HERONS ON A HYDROELECTRIC DAM IN EASTERN TENNESSEE
Wefer, Michael A.
Lee, Joseph W.
Minser, William G.
Black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) droppings are a problem on Fort Loudoun Hydroelectric Dam. Annual and daily use patterns were monitored to determine when and what areas of the dam the herons were using. The dam was used primarily during the breeding season (April-July) and received 24.2% more use in the evenings than in the morning. The most use occurred in June with a high of 211 birds 12 June 1991 and 266 birds 5 June 1992. Herons used band railings on the dam the most (66%) for perching. About 12% of the night herons using the dam were juveniles. Because most of the use occurred in April through June, we suggest that damage control efforts be concentrated at this time and we suggest methods of control.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/36
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1035/viewcontent/6ewdcwefer.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1036
2005-12-21T18:02:43Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
THE APPLICABILITY AND BIOPOLITICS OF CONTRACEPTIVE TECHNIQUES FOR DEER MANAGEMENT
Warren, Robert J.
White, Lisa M.
While regulated public hunting or controlled lethal reduction programs are effective in controlling white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), populations in most areas, increasingly there are settings (e.g., urban and suburban environments) where such programs are either unsafe or publicly unacceptable. Past research with contraceptive techniques in deer have shown these techniques to be either ineffective or infeasible for managerial implementation. Current research with immunocontraceptives show promise as being both effective and feasible for field application. Immunocontraceptive vaccines can be delivered remotely and are highly effective in causing infertility in most treated does. Much more research is needed before these techniques can be used efficiently in contraceptive management programs for deer, however. Immunocontraceptives techniques need to be developed that will not require separate booster vaccinations. Also, field application trials are needed to determine the effectiveness of these techniques at the population level. Finally, effort also is needed on public information and education programs so that both the limitations and potential of these new techniques are understood.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/37
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1036/viewcontent/6ewdcwarren.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
contraception
deer
fertility control
immunocontraceptives
Odocoileus virginianus
white-tailed deer
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1037
2018-02-15T20:58:55Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
PREDATOR DEPREDATIONS ON SHEEP IN PENNSYLVANIA
Witmer, Gary W.
Hayden, Arnold
Pipas, Michael
The eastern coyote (Canis latrans) has become common and widespread in many eastern states. We surveyed 331 sheep producers in Pennsylvania (PA); 22% reported predator losses in 1991, primarily to dogs and coyotes. Losses were heaviest in the southwest part of PA and producers reporting losses tended to have more sheep and more acreage in pasture. To reduce losses, producers used lambing sheds, fences, guard dogs and donkeys, confinement of sheep, trapping, and shooting. It appears that we can expect greater depredations in the future because of increased coyote numbers and a relatively low level of protection of sheep; however, most sheep losses were to old age, disease, lambing problems, and accidents.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/38
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1037/viewcontent/6ewdcwitmer.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
animal damage
coyotes
dogs
livestock
predation
sheep
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1038
2005-12-21T18:08:49Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
STATUS OF ALPHA CHLORALOSE AND OTHER IMMOBILIZING/EUTHANIZING CHEMICALS WITHIN THE ANIMAL DAMAGE CONTROL PROGRAM
Woronecki, Paul P.
Thomas, William L.
In 1992 the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Animal Damage Control (ADC) program was granted approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), under a continuing Investigational New Animal Drug agreement, to use Alpha-chloralose (A-C) nationwide for capturing nuisance waterfowl, coots, and pigeons. FDA and ADC have imposed several requirements, restrictions and conditions on the operational use of A-C. Training and certification are required to use A-C and other approved immobilizing and euthanizing agents.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/39
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1038/viewcontent/6ewdcworonecki.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1010
2005-12-21T16:40:18Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING BIRD USE AT NANTICOKE LANDFILL NEAR E. A. LINK AIRPORT, BROOME COUNTY, NEW YORK
Curtis, Paul D.
Smith, Charles R.
Evans, William
Human and wildlife conflicts have increased in importance in many suburban areas of the United States. Birds pose a serious hazard to air traffic, and 1,200-1,500 bird strikes are reported to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) annually. The location of a landfill near an airport may increase avian activity because landfills provide a food source for omnivorous birds. To reduce avian hazards at airports, FAA Order 5200.5A established a proximity criterion prohibiting the location of any runway used by turbojet aircraft within 3,048 m of a landfill. However, existing landfills within this proximity may be kept open if an acceptable bird management strategy is developed and maintained. The objectives of this study were to: (1) document bird use at Nanticoke Sanitary Landfill; (2) evaluate 3 potential techniques for reducing bird numbers at the landfill; and (3) develop bird management guidelines for the landfill environment. Avian numbers, species, and behavior patterns were monitored at the landfill for 11 months (December 1991 through October 1992) before control activities were initiated. The repellent effects of methyl anthranilate (MA, ReJeXiT®), Posi-shellR (PS) cover material, and pyrotechnics (PT) were evaluated during late October to December 1992. A surface MA application did not reduce avian numbers at the landfill, as birds quicKly learned to tear open plastic refuse bags to obtain untreated food. PS treatment alone did not reduce numbers, as birds were able to forage through the thin surface covering. However, hazing birds with the spray equipment used to apply PS reduced the daily number of gulls (primarily herring gulls, (Larus argentatus) foraging at the landfill by about 50%, from approximately 2,400 to 1,200 birds per day. PT was the most effective treatment, further reducing the gull numbers at the landfill to about 50-60 birds/day. Strategic use of PT to maximize its effectiveness, as part of a consistent bird-harassment program, should cost <$ 10/day for shells during the peak months of bird activity at the landfill (July through January). Interchange of gulls between the landfill and airport was minimal, and has been effectively controlled with PT on a use-as-needed basis.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/11
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1010/viewcontent/6ewdccurtis4.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1017
2005-12-21T17:04:05Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
SHOOTING AS A BLUE JAY DEPREDATION MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE IN NATIVE PECAN GROVES
Kerr, John R.
Huggins, J. Grant
We conducted a 4-year project in south central Oklahoma native pecan (Carya illilnoensis) groves to evaluate the effectiveness of shooting blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) to reduce pecan losses. We monitored blue jay abundance by time-area counts and bird nut damage using ground plots in 5, 4.3-ha study areas during the fall damage periods of 1989-1992. In 1991 and 1992 we applied shooting to 3 of these areas. A mean of 16.3 blue jays/ha was shot at a mean cost (shotgun shells and labor) of $18.65/ha over the 2 years. The break-even savings level was 0.5 kg of pecan nuts saved per blue jay for both years. Blue jay numbers were significantly (P = 0.045) reduced in the areas where the shooting treatment was applied. Comparison of the 1991 and 1992 mean to the 1989 and 1990 mean shows that bird nut damage increased an average of 137% in the untreated areas and decreased an average of 38% in the treated areas. This difference was not significant (P = 0.160); however, if the difference was real, nut damage savings averaged $34.70/ha.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/18
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1017/viewcontent/6ewdckerr.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1012
2018-04-11T13:35:20Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRIVATE NUISANCE WILDLIFE CONTROL INDUSTRY IN NEW YORK
Curtis, Paul D.
Richmond, Milo E.
Wellner, Philip A.
Tullar, Ben
The nuisance wildlife control industry is rapidly expanding in New York State. To gain additional insight about this industry and the number of animals handled, we reviewed the 1989-90 annual logs submitted by Nuisance Wildlife Control Orators (NWC0s) to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC). The specific objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the number and species of different wildlife responsible for damage incidents, (2) the cause of damage complaints, (3) the disposition of animals handled, (4) the location of damage events (i.e., urban, suburban, rural), and (5) an estimate of the economic impact of the nuisance wildlife industry in Upstate New York. The Nuisance Wildlife Logs (NWLs) were examined for 7 urban and 7 rural counties (25.5% of Upstate counties), and these data were used to estimate total NWCO activity in DEC Regions 3 through 9 (excludes Long Island). Approximately 75% of NWCOs licensed by DEC were active during 1989-90, and nearly 2,800 complaints were handled in the 14 counties sampled. More than 90% of complaints came from urban counties, and we estimated that NWC0s responded to more than 11,000 calls in Upstate New York. At a conservative estimate of $35/call, revenue generated by this industry exceeded $385,000 annually. Six wildlife species accounted for 85% of the nuisance complaints in urban and rural counties. During 1986 to 1993, the number of NWCOs licensed by DEC nearly quadrupled, and there is no indication that this trend will change in the near future.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/13
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1012/viewcontent/6ewdccurtis1.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1034
2018-06-13T14:22:49Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
ASSESSING AND REDUCING SOYBEAN CROP LOSSES FROM DEER: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY, MULTI-AGENCY EFFORT
Wallace, S. U.
Palmer, J. H.
Yarrow, G. K.
Shipes, D.
Dunphy, E. J.
Reese, P. F., Jr.
Damage from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) has become a common complaint of soybean (Glycine max) producers in many areas of the Southeast. Both short- and long-term, single-field and community-wide solutions to this problem are needed. This paper describes a multi-agency, multi-state effort, involving agronomists, wildlife biologists, producers, and other landowners, to assess soybean losses from deer and to evaluate potential solutions. One phase of this work, which is supported by soybean producer checkoff funds, involves evaluating agronomic practices for reducing crop losses. These include drilled (rather than wide-row) plantings and use of insect-resistant or dense-pubescent cultivars (varieties) which may deter browsing, especially where deer pressure is light to moderate. Evaluations of these practices, in comparison with conventional ones, are being conducted in producer’s fields in SC, NC, and VA. The other phase of this work is a cooperative project involving Clemson University, the SC Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, soybean producers and’ other landowners in a 7500-acre tract in Hampton and Jasper Cos., SC. The deer population in this tract will be monitored and reduced over a 3-year period, and the resulting effects on soybean crop losses and herd quality will be assessed.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/35
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1034/viewcontent/6ewdcwallace.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Environmental Health and Protection
oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:ewdcc6-1019
2005-12-21T17:11:37Z
publication:easternwildlifedamage
publication:unlreports
publication:ewdcc6
publication:icwdm
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN BIG GAME REPELLENT AND PREDATOR URINE REPELLENCY TO WHITE-TAILED DEER: THE IMPORTANCE OF SULFUR AND FATTY ACIDS
Lewison, Rebecca
Bean, N. Jay
Aronov, Evgeny V.
McConnell, John E., Jr.
Mason, J. Russell
In the present experiment, we evaluated the repellency of Big Game Repellent® (BGR), whole coyote urine, coyote urine with sulfur compounds removed, and water. Each stimulus was applied to an ornamental plant (hostas, Alba marginata) at 5 sites in the vicinity of Poughkeepsie, N.Y. At weekly intervals for 5 weeks, damage was recorded, treatments were reapplied, and plants were replaced when necessary. There was no damage to plants treated with either BGR or whole coyote urine. This was not true for plants sprayed with sulfur-free urine or water. We conclude that the repellency of coyote urine is largely a consequence of sulfurous volatiles.
1993-10-03T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ewdcc6/20
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/ewdcc6/article/1019/viewcontent/6ewdclewison.pdf
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
BGR
coyote
deer
fatty acid
Odocoileus virginianus
predator
repellent
sulfur
Environmental Health and Protection