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Adverse Childhood Experiences at the Family and Neighborhood Levels and Their Longitudinal Impact on Adolescent Depression: Mediation Analyses with Parenting Stress and Parenting Quality
Abstract
Negative mental health outcomes including developing depressive symptoms during adolescent period can be a direct or indirect consequence of growing up in a household and environmental context where adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) prevail. There has not been a study conducted with the aim of measuring the effect of both conventional and expanded ACEs on adolescent depression mediated by parenting stress and parenting quality. This study sought to fill this gap, which makes it relevant. This study evaluated the impact of both conventional and expanded ACEs on adolescent depression, directly and/or indirectly conveyed through the mediation of parenting quality and parenting stress, using a longitudinal dataset from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing (FFCW) study. The present study aimed at addressing two research questions. While testing parallel mediation for the conventional ACEs with a subsample of 1,625 children and their parents, adolescent depression is regressed on ACEs, parenting stress, and parenting quality. It was confirmed that the relationship between conventional ACEs and depression is not indirectly mediated by parenting stress. Yet, it was found that parenting quality significantly mediates the association between ACEs and depression. The proportion of total effect that functions indirectly through parenting quality is 12.9%. While testing parallel mediation for the expanded ACEs with a sample of 1,425, adolescent depression is regressed on ACEs, parenting stress, and parenting quality. It was also found that expanded ACEs is not indirectly associated with depression, mediated through parenting stress. Yet, it was confirmed that parenting quality significantly mediates the association between expanded ACEs and depression. The proportion of total effect that functions indirectly through parenting quality is 29.7%. In the case of the conventional ACEs model, the proportion of direct effect coefficient to the total effect model’s coefficient is 81% while it is confirmed for the expanded ACEs model that the proportion of the direct effect coefficient to the total effect model’s coefficient is 76%. Implications for service provision are discussed. Distinct from previous ACEs studies, this research has explored and highlighted the effects of expanded ACEs.
Subject Area
Developmental psychology|Mental health|Individual & family studies|Social psychology
Recommended Citation
Teshome, Tamrat Zelalem, "Adverse Childhood Experiences at the Family and Neighborhood Levels and Their Longitudinal Impact on Adolescent Depression: Mediation Analyses with Parenting Stress and Parenting Quality" (2021). ETD collection for University of Nebraska-Lincoln. AAI28713542.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI28713542