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THE USE OF MOLD INHIBITORS IN DRY AND HIGH-MOISTURE GRAIN DIETS FOR SWINE
Abstract
The effects of various mold inhibitors (MI) on performance of weanling and growing-finishing (G-F) swine fed diets formulated with dry, harvested high moisture (HM) and reconstituted high moisture (RC) grain diets was determined. Three experiments (Exp) were conducted with the MI sorbic acid (SA) fed in dry, HM or RC sorghum grain diets for weanling pigs. Gains and feed conversion were not affected by SA in Exp 1 and 2. In Exp 3, feed efficiency was improved (P < .04) in a linear fashion as SA levels (0, .05 and .10%) increased in the diet. Feed temperature measurements indicated that SA delayed heating of RC sorghum grain diets for at least 10 d after exposure to atmospheric conditions. Three additional Exp were conducted with various MI in HM or RC corn diets for weanling pigs. No differences in performance of pigs fed RC corn diets + MI compared to those fed diets without MI were detected in Exp 1. Feed efficiency was improved (P < .06) for pigs fed HM corn diets + MI compared to those fed diets without MI in the second Exp, but the reverse was observed in Exp 3. Propionic acid (PA), SA, ethanol (ETH) and SA dissolved in ETH (ESA) delayed heating in the HM and RC corn diets at least 9 d after removal from oxygen-limiting storage. As a MI, ESA was more effective than SA or ETH alone. In three additional Exp, the combined effects of MI and chlortetracycline (CTC) in dry corn diets for G-F swine were determined. An additional objective was to determine the effects of MI on vitamin and CTC stability in swine premixes stored for 0, 30 and 60 d. Performance of swine fed diets + MI was not different from those fed diets without MI (P > .10). After 60 d, CTC activity in the premixes was reduced 59% in the presence of PA, while its activity was maintained at the initial level in the presence of SA. An in vitro method for detecting heat production (criterion for microbial activity) in dry and RC corn diets was developed to assess the efficacy of various MI. Diets prepared with dry corn (13.5% moisture) did not heat significantly during the 21 d test period. The order of MI effectiveness for delaying heating in the RC corn diets for Exp 1 was: SA dissolved in butanediol (BTD) = ESA > SA > ETH > BTD. For Exp 2, the order of MI effectiveness in the RC corn diets was: SA > PA > cinnamon > BTD > copper sulfate. The results of these experiments indicate that MI can prolong the shelf-life of HM grain diets for swine, but have little or no effect when included in diets prepared with dry grain.
Subject Area
Livestock
Recommended Citation
CRENSHAW, JOE DAVID, "THE USE OF MOLD INHIBITORS IN DRY AND HIGH-MOISTURE GRAIN DIETS FOR SWINE" (1985). ETD collection for University of Nebraska-Lincoln. AAI8518703.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI8518703