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CHROMIUM STATUS: EFFECTS OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS AND CHROMIUM SUPPLEMENTATION
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) nutriture was investigated in three related projects. A retrospective Cr assessment study was conducted utilizing dietary records, urine, and blood serum from young adults and pregnant adolescents. Average daily Cr intakes for all subjects was 37.0 (mu)g. Differences in chromium status were not demonstrated in subjects from different geographic locations. Pregnant adolescents had marginal Cr intakes (48 (mu)g/day) and non-detectable levels of Cr in urine. Pregnancy may divert maternal Cr stores to the fetus. Nortestosterone-derived oral contraceptive agents have the greatest capacity to alter glucose tolerance in women. Retired breeding female mice were fed either an oral contraceptive preparation or a Cr supplement in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. All mice gained weight regardless of experimental treatment. In addition, treatments did not affect percentage carcass fat or moisture. Glucose tolerance tests were conducted. Chromium supplementation appeared to moderate the glucose response at 40 minutes post-glucose injection as compared to non-Cr supplementation. Organic Cr as a component of the glucose tolerance factor found in brewer's yeast is considered to be the most biologically available form of Cr. A five week study was employed to examine differences in bioavailability of inorganic and organic Cr supplements in midwestern women. Each woman serving as her own control randomly received the basal diet alone, basal diet + brewer's yeast, and basal diet + chelated Cr. Mean urinary Cr excretion was similar for subjects consuming the basal diet alone or with the brewer's yeast supplement (0.16 (mu)g/day). However, the pattern of urinary excretion was different. Brewer's yeast supplementation decreased variability in Cr excretion in comparison to values when either the basal diet was fed alone or supplemented with chelated Cr. Chelated Cr led to significantly higher urinary Cr excretion (P < 0.03) than did either the basal diet alone or with brewer's yeast supplementation. This suggests that either the Cr supplied by chelated Cr was better absorbed than was that supplied by yeast, although both were apparently poorly absorbed in comparison to the Cr supplied by the diet, or that the absorbed chelated Cr was more poorly utilized than was the Cr from yeast. Blood serum Cr concentrations were not significantly changed throughout the experimental treatments, although the numerically highest mean blood serum Cr level was found when the brewer's yeast was fed.
Subject Area
Nutrition
Recommended Citation
BIZEM, HINDA-ROSE, "CHROMIUM STATUS: EFFECTS OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS AND CHROMIUM SUPPLEMENTATION" (1985). ETD collection for University of Nebraska-Lincoln. AAI8521443.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI8521443