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CALCIUM AND LIPID METABOLISM AS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT DIETARY SOURCES OF CALCIUM AND FAT AND CHOLESTEROL LEVELS
Abstract
Studies were conducted to investigate the effect of dietary calcium, fat and cholesterol on calcium and lipid metabolism. In an animal study, 72 male, retired breeder mice were fed two different sources of calcium (calcium carbonate and calcium lactate), two levels of fat (5 and 15%) and two levels of cholesterol (0 and 2%) in a factorial arrangement of the treatments. No significant effect was found on wet bone femur strength. Highest bone strength was found in mice fed calcium lactate, high fat and high cholesterol diets. Mice fed high fat diets gained more weight and were more efficient. High fat diets in combination with calcium carbonate resulted in animals with heavier bone weights, but less bone calcium content. Conversely, high fat levels and calcium lactate produced bone with higher calcium concentration. Presence of cholesterol increased fecal calcium losses, blood cholesterol and liver cholesterol level. Urinary calcium losses were greater on calcium lactate, low fat diets. Calcium balance was more positive for animals on calcium lactate diets. In two of the human studies young adults were fed two laboratory controlled diets containing either 30% of total calories from fat (approx 100 mg cholesterol; 10:10:10 PUFA to MUFA to SFA ratio) or 40% of total calories from fat (approx 600 mg cholesterol; 4:14:14 fatty acid ratio). In study I cholesterol level was varied as calcium sources were added to the basic diets. In study II no additional modifications were provided. In study III subjects received enteral formulas diets containing either 29.9 or 53.3% calories from fat and 28.0 or 53.3% calories from carbohydrate. In all three studies it was found that calcium absorption and retention tended to be higher when high fat rather than low fat diets were fed. These results are not in agreement with those observed in the animal study. In the survey anthropometric measurements, blood serum values, calcium and fat intakes were retrospectively calculated from the self-recorded diets of 61 adolescent subjects. The results suggest possible interaction of calcium status, growth, body composition and blood serum lipid patterns.
Subject Area
Nutrition
Recommended Citation
SANCHEZ SAMUDIO, VILKA ELIZETTE, "CALCIUM AND LIPID METABOLISM AS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT DIETARY SOURCES OF CALCIUM AND FAT AND CHOLESTEROL LEVELS" (1987). ETD collection for University of Nebraska-Lincoln. AAI8715855.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI8715855