Atrazine induction of a family 4 cytochrome P450 gene in Chironomus tentans (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Authors

Diana K. Londono, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Blair D. Siegfried, University of Nebraska-LincolnFollow
Michael J. Lydy, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL

Date of this Version

January 2004

Comments

Published in Chemosphere 56 (2004), pp. 701–706. Copyright © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. Used by permission. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535

Abstract

Cytochrome P450-dependent microsomal monooxygenase (P450) activity was measured in control and atrazine-exposed third instar midge larvae, Chironomus tentans. Significantly elevated O-demethylase activity was observed in gut homogenates taken from midges exposed to atrazine concentrations from 1 to 10 ppm for 90 h. No significant induction was observed at atrazine concentrations below 1 ppm. A region of a cytochrome P450 family 4 gene was amplified and sequenced from C. tentans larvae. Alignments of inferred amino acid sequences with other insect CYP4 gene homologues indicate a high degree of similarity. Northern blot analysis employing the CYP4 gene fragment as a probe showed an overexpression in C. tentans exposed to atrazine. The results support the previously identified inducibility of cytochrome P450-dependent activity and provide insight into the potential consequences of atrazine exposure to aquatic organisms.