Sunflower Treated with Avipel (Anthraquinone) Bird Repellent

Authors

Hans Kandel, North Dakota State University Department of Plant Sciences, Fargo
Burton Johnson, North Dakota State University Department of Plant Sciences
Chad Deplazes, North Dakota State University Department of Plant Sciences, Fargo
George M. Linz, USDA/APHIS/WS National Wildlife Research CenterFollow
Michele Santer, Arkion® Life Sciences LLC, New Castle, DE

Document Type

Article

Date of this Version

2009

Comments

Published in 31st National Sunflower Association Sunflower Research Forum http://www.sunflowernsa.com.

Abstract

Maturing sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is susceptible to damage by birds, especially blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus and Quiscalus quiscula). The National Sunflower Association (NSA) identified Blackbird damage as a major issue in the production of sunflower throughout the US. In 2007 bird damage was identified as the number one yield limiting factor in 9% of surveyed fields in North Dakota (Graph 1).