Metallic surface doping of metal halide perovskites

Authors

Yuze Lin, University of North Carolina
Yuchuan Shao, University of North Carolina
Jun Dai, University of Nebraska-LincolnFollow
Tao Li, University of Nebraska-LincolnFollow
Yi Liu, University of Nebraska-Lincoln & University of North CarolinaFollow
Xuezeng Dai, University of North Carolina
Xun Xiao, University of North Carolina
Yehao Deng, University of North Carolina
Alexei Gruverman, University of Nebraska-LincolnFollow
Xiao Cheng Zeng, University of Nebraska - LincolnFollow
Jinsong Huang, University of North Carolina & University of Nebraska-LincolnFollow

Date of this Version

2021

Citation

ATURE COMMUNICATIONS | (2021)12:7 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20110-6 | www.nature.com/naturecommunications

Comments

The Author(s) 2021

Abstract

Intentional doping is the core of semiconductor technologies to tune electrical and optical properties of semiconductors for electronic devices, however, it has shown to be a grand challenge for halide perovskites. Here, we show that some metal ions, such as silver, strontium, cerium ions, which exist in the precursors of halide perovskites as impurities, can n-dope the surface of perovskites from being intrinsic to metallic. The low solubility of these ions in halide perovskite crystals excludes the metal impurities to perovskite surfaces, leaving the interior of perovskite crystals intrinsic. Computation shows these metal ions introduce many electronic states close to the conduction band minimum of perovskites and induce n-doping, which is in striking contrast to passivating ions such as potassium and rubidium ion. The discovery of metallic surface doping of perovskites enables new device and material designs that combine the intrinsic interior and heavily doped surface of perovskites.