Dietary Red and Processed Meat Intake and Markers of Adiposity and Inflammation: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

Authors

Weiwen Chai, University of Nebraska-LincolnFollow
Yukiko Morimoto, University of Hawaii Cancer Center
Robert V. Cooney, University of Hawaii
Adrian A. Franke, University of Hawaii Cancer Center
Yurii B. Shvetsov, University of Hawaii Cancer Center
Loïc Le Marchand, University of Hawaii Cancer Center
Christopher A. Haiman, University of Southern California
Laurence N. Kolonel, University of Hawaii Cancer Center
Marc T. Goodman, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles
Gertraud Maskarinec, University of Hawaii Cancer Center

Date of this Version

7-2017

Citation

Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Nutr. 2017 July ; 36(5): 378–385. doi:10.1080/07315724.2017.1318317

Comments

Published by Taylor & Francis. Used by permission.

Abstract

Objective—The potential influence of dietary factors on inflammation is important for cancer prevention. Utilizing data from control participants (312 men, 911 women) in two nested case-control studies of cancer within the Multiethnic Cohort, we examined the associations of red and processed meat intake with serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 and the mediator effect of body mass index (BMI) on the above associations (if present).

Methods—Multivariable linear models were applied to assess the association between red and processed meat intake at cohort entry and serum biomarker levels measured 9.1 years later after adjusting for covariates and to determine the mediator effect of BMI.

Results—Overall red and processed meat intake was positively associated with serum leptin levels in men (β=0.180, P=0.0004) and women (β=0.167, P<0.0001). In women, higher red and processed meat consumption was significantly associated with higher CRP (β=0.069, P=0.03) and lower adiponectin levels (β=−0.082, P=0.005). In mediation analyses with red and processed meat intake and BMI as predictors, the associations of red and processed meat with biomarkers decreased substantially (as indicated by % change in effect: leptin in men, 13.4%; leptin in women, 13.7%; adiponectin in women, −4.7%; CRP in women, 7.4%) and were no longer significant (P>0.05), whereas BMI remained significantly associated with serum leptin (men: β=3.209, P<0.0001; women: β=2.891, P<0.0001), adiponectin (women: β= −1.085, P<0.0001) and CRP (women: β=1.581, P<0.0001).

Conclusion—The current data suggest that the amount of excess body weight or the degree of adiposity may mediate the relations between dietary red and processed meat intake and serum biomarkers associated with obesity and inflammation.