A Sustainable Slashing Industry Using Biodegradable Sizes from Modified Soy Protein To Replace Petro-Based Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)

Authors

Yi Zhao, University of Nebraska–LincolnFollow
Yuzhu Zhao, Donghua University
Helan Xu, University of Nebraska – LincolnFollow
Yiqi Yang, University of Nebraska - LincolnFollow

Document Type

Article

Date of this Version

2015

Citation

Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 49, 2391−2397

Comments

© 2015 American Chemical Society

This is an open access article

DOI: 10.1021/es504988w

Abstract

Biodegradable sizing agents from triethanolamine (TEA) modified soy protein could substitute poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) sizes for high-speed weaving of polyester and polyester/cotton yarns to substantially decrease environmental pollution and impel sustainability of textile industry. Nonbiodegradable PVA sizes are widely used and mainly contribute to high chemical oxygen demand (COD) in textile effluents. It has not been possible to effectively degrade, reuse or replace PVA sizes so far. Soy protein with good biodegradability showed potential as warp sizes in our previous studies. However, soy protein sizes lacked film flexibility and adhesion for required high-speed weaving. Additives with multiple hydroxyl groups, nonlinear molecule, and electric charge could physically modify secondary structure of soy protein and lead to about 23.6% and 43.3% improvement in size adhesion and ability of hair coverage comparing to unmodified soy protein. Industrial weaving results showed TEA-soy protein had relative weaving efficiency 3% and 10% higher than PVA and chemically modified starch sizes on polyester/cotton fabrics, and had relative weaving efficiency similar to PVA on polyester fabrics, although with 3− 6% lower add-on. In addition, TEA-soy sizes had a BOD₅/COD ratio of 0.44, much higher than 0.03 for PVA, indicating that TEA-soy sizes were easily biodegradable in activated sludge.