Higgins Eye Pearlymussel (Lampsilis higginsii) Recovery Plan: First Revision

Authors

Date of this Version

5-2004

Comments

Published by U.S. Department of Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Great Lakes/Big Rivers Region, Ft. Snelling, Minnesota.

Abstract

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
DISCLAIMER

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

I. INTRODUCTION

Description of Lampsilis higginsii
Taxonomy and Systematics
Morphological Description
Historical and Present Distributions
Recent Reintroductions
Essential Habitat Areas
Critical Habitat
Biology, Ecology and Life History
Reproduction
Feeding
Habitat
Substrate
Stream Flow/Current/Hydrologic Variability
Water Quality
Water Quality Data Gaps
Community Associations
Non-human Predators
Genetics
Reasons for listing
Present Threats
Zebra Mussels and other Invasive Species
Habitat Alteration
Water Quality
Commercial Harvest
Conservation Measures
Ten-Year Field Studies in Essential Habitat Areas
Development of Relocation (Translocation) Techniques
Development of Artificial Propagation Techniques
Development of Uniform Regulations Concerning Clam Harvesting Methods
Summary of Current State Mussel Harvest Regulations in the Range of Higgins Eye

II. RECOVERY
Recovery Strategy
Recovery Goals and Recovery Criteria
Intermediate Goal (Reclassification of Lampsilis higginsii to Threatened Status)
Final Goal (Delisting)
Narrative Outline for Recovery Activities

III. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

LITERATURE CITED

APPENDICES