U.S. Department of Agriculture: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

 

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Document Type

Article

Date of this Version

2013

Citation

Bevins, S., E. Blizzard, L. Bazan, and P. Whitley. 2013. Neospora caninum exposure in overlapping populations of coyotes (Canis latrans) and feral swine (Sus scrofa). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 49(4):1028-1032. doi: 10.7589/2013-02-034.

Comments

U.S. government work.

Abstract

Limited information exists on Neospora caninum transmission dynamics in wildlife. This coccidian parasite, whose presence can lead to substantial economic losses in cattle operations, requires a canid definitive host for reproduction. We examined exposure in a definitive host, coyotes (Canis latrans), and in overlapping populations of feral swine (Sus scrofa) to determine if spatial proximity between a definitive and incidental host influences the likelihood of parasite exposure. Eighteen percent of coyotes (95% confidence interval [CI]514.2–21.8) and 15.8% of feral swine (95% CI512.5–19.2) had been exposed to N. caninum, and this is the first report of exposure in US feral swine populations. Analyses suggest that the parasite is present throughout the environment and that exposure is not temporally or spatially linked to antibody-positive coyotes. Antibody-positive feral swine were found in an area where the only definitive host is domestic dogs (Canis familiaris), indicating that wild canids are not required to maintain the parasite in the environment.

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