Photographic estimation of wild boar damage to alpine grazing pastures in the Carpathian Mountains of central Romania

Authors

Richard M. Engeman, USDA-APHIS-Wildlife ServicesFollow
Renate Cattaruzza, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology
Marco Cattaruzza, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology
Justin W. Fischer, USDA/APHIS/WS National Wildlife Research CenterFollow

Document Type

Article

Date of this Version

2016

Citation

Environ Sci Pollut Res (2016) 23:4949–4952

Comments

U.S. Government Work

Abstract

Observations of wild boar damage to alpine grazing pastures in Romania’s Carpathian Mountains were collected using photographs of the slopes from vantage points. We mapped the rooted areas and then used GIS software to estimate the relative proportions of the total grazing areas visible in the photographs that were damaged by wild boar. The amounts of damage from our two demonstration pastures were 11.2 and 13.5 %. Pastures are rented for summer grazing with grazing density monitored. Wild boar damage essentially decreases the economic benefit received for the cost of the grazing rights. This paper appears to be the first documentation of the very direct costs to livestock owners from significant wild boar rooting within rented pastures. The photographic method we present provides a quick and efficient means to quantify damage to alpine grazing pastures and may have broad application for mountainous areas where swine damage (or other disturbance) occurs and there is sufficient visibility of the damaged habitat.