Persistence of maternal antibodies to influenza A virus among captive mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)

Authors

Katherine L. Dirsmith, USDA APHIS Wildlife ServicesFollow
J. Jeffrey Root, USDA APHIS Wildlife ServicesFollow
Kevin T. Bentler, USDA APHIS Wildlife ServicesFollow
Heather J. Sullivan, USDA APHIS Wildlife Services
Andrea B. Liebowitz, USDA APHIS Wildlife Services
Lauren H. Petersen, USDA APHIS Wildlife Services
Hailey E. McLean, USDA APHIS Wildlife ServicesFollow
Susan A. Shriner, USDA APHIS Wildlife ServicesFollow

ORCID IDs

0000-0001-6861-5667

Date of this Version

2018

Citation

Dirsmith, K.L., J.J. Root, K.T. Bentler, H.J. Sullivan, A.B. Liebowitz, L.H. Petersen, H.E. McLean, and S.A. Shriner. 2018. Persistence of maternal antibodies to influenza A virus among captive mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). Archives of Virology 163(12):3235-3242. doi: 10.1007/s00705-018-3978-4

Comments

U.S. Government work

Abstract

Wild waterfowl are maintenance hosts of most influenza A virus (IAV) subtypes and are often the subjects of IAV surveillance and transmission models. While maternal antibodies have been detected in yolks and in nestlings for a variety of wild bird species and pathogens, the persistence of maternal antibodies to IAVs in mallard ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos) has not been previously investigated. Nonetheless, this information is important for a full understanding of IAV transmission dynamics because ducklings protected by maternal antibodies may not be susceptible to infection. In this study, we examined the transfer of IAV-specific maternal antibodies to ducklings. Blood samples were collected approximately every five days from ducklings hatched from hens previously infected with an H6 strain of IAV. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to IAV by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The median persistence of maternal antibodies in ducklings was 12.5 days (range: 4-33 days) post-hatch. The majority of ducklings (71%) had detectable maternal antibodies from 4 to 17 days post-hatch, while a small subset of individuals (29%) had detectable maternal antibodies for up to 21-33 days post-hatch. Antibody concentrations in hens near the time of egg laying were correlated with maternal antibody concentrations in the initial blood sample collected from ducklings (0-4 days post-hatch). Knowledge of the duration of maternal antibodies in ducklings will aid in the interpretation of IAV serological surveillance results and in the modeling of IAV transmission dynamics in waterfowl.