Management of Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) in Dicamba/Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean

Authors

Shawn McDonald, University of Nebraska-LincolnFollow

First Advisor

Amit J. Jhala

Date of this Version

Summer 7-27-2021

Document Type

Thesis

Citation

McDonald S (2021) Management of Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) in Dicamba/Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean. M. Sc thesis. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska-Lincoln. 119 p

Comments

Chapter two of this thesis was published in the journal Weed Technology

A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science, Major: Agronomy ,Under the Supervision of Professor Amit J. Jhala. Lincoln, Nebraska: July, 2021

Copyright © 2021 Shawn Thomas McDonald

Abstract

While not a historically problematic weed in Nebraska, Palmer amaranth has become increasingly problematic in many agronomic cropping systems. Throughout the state, several cohorts of Palmer amaranth have been found resistant to several different sites of action. Of major concern is a population found resistant to glyphosate the most common post-emergence herbicide in Nebraska. As chemical control methods are the most common forms of weed control throughout the state methods alternatives or enhancements are highly desired. Two field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 at a grower’s field near Carleton, Nebraska with the objectives to evaluate the effects of row spacing and herbicide programs and separately analyze the effect of overlapping residual herbicides on control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth, gross profit margin, and benefit-cost ratios of these herbicide programs. Evaluation of the effect on row spacing found no significant effect of narrowing row spacing on control, density, or biomass reduction of GR Palmer amaranth across all herbicide programs. Herbicide program had a higher impact on GR Palmer amaranth control with all PRE fb EPOST except dicamba + chlorimuron/flumioxazin followed by dicamba and all PRE fb EPOST+RH providing greater than 85% control from 14 d after EPOST (DAEPOST) to 36 DAEPOST. Evaluation of overlapping residual herbicides on management of GR Palmer amaranth found that flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone/metribuzin provided 78% to 82% control from 14 DAEPOST to 70 DAEPOST in 2018 and 94% to 98% in 2019. Addition of dicamba + acetochlor EPOST to flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone/metribuzin provided 83% to 96% from 14 DAEPOST to 70 DAEPOST in 2018 and 99% in 2019. As the adoption of new application technologies, herbicide-resistant crops, and alternative weed control methods change with the times, surveys provide insight into changes in weed dynamics and crop production over time. Conducting multiple surveys over the course of several years provides a vital framework in developing future research and extension outreach. During the winter of 2019-2020, a survey of Nebraska stakeholders was carried to quantify crop production, weed control, and management practices throughout the state. In order of importance, Palmer amaranth, horseweed, common waterhemp, kochia, and giant ragweed were ranked the most problematic weeds statewide. Based on survey responses, 27% of respondents, cited integrated weed management systems as the primary concern for future research and extension outreach for the state of Nebraska.

Advisor: Amit J. Jhala