Computer Science and Engineering, Department of
Date of this Version
2014
Citation
IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING, VOL. 22, NO. 4, AUGUST 2014
Abstract
The Internet has recently been evolving from homogeneous
congestion control to heterogeneous congestion control. Several
years ago, Internet traffic was mainly controlled by the traditional
RENO, whereas it is now controlled by multiple different
TCP algorithms, such as RENO, CUBIC, and Compound TCP
(CTCP). However, there is very little work on the performance and
stability study of the Internet with heterogeneous congestion control.
One fundamental reason is the lack of the deployment information
of different TCP algorithms. In this paper, we first propose
a tool called TCP Congestion Avoidance Algorithm Identification
(CAAI) for actively identifying the TCP algorithm of a remote
Web server. CAAI can identify all default TCP algorithms
(e.g., RENO, CUBIC, and CTCP) and most non-default TCP algorithms
of major operating system families. We then present the
CAAI measurement result of about 30 000 Web servers.We found
that only 3.31%~14.47% of the Web servers still use RENO,
46.92% of the Web servers use BIC or CUBIC, and 14.5%~25.66%
of the Web servers use CTCP. Our measurement results
show a strong sign that the majority of TCP flows are not controlled
by RENO anymore, and a strong sign that the Internet congestion
control has changed from homogeneous to heterogeneous.
Comments
© 2013 IEEE