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Red Kidney and Great Northern Beans Ameliorate the Detrimental Effects on the Liver and Intestine Caused by High Saturated Fat Diet in a Hamster Model, with an Emphasis on Energy Homeostasis
Abstract
Dry edible beans play a significant role in human nutrition as a rich source of proteins, carbohydrates, fibers, and various micronutrients. Yet, a critical gap in knowledge exists whether red kidney beans (RKB) and great northern beans (GNB) supplementation can protect from the deleterious effects of high saturated fat (HSF) diets on the liver and large intestine. Indeed, HSF has been linked with the impairment of energy homeostasis, leading to obesity, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and fatty liver conditions. Thus, the central hypothesis of this research was that both RKB and GNB would ameliorate the detrimental effect of HSF, particularly energy balance, and each bean may exert distinctive protective effects based on the compositional differences. This hypothesis was tested by completing animal studies with RKB or GNB supplementation along with HSF diet. More specifically, Syrian hamsters were randomly assigned into five diet groups (n = 11) to feed either normal fat AIN diet (NF), high saturated fat (HSF) diet, HSF supplemented with 5% of the whole bean, 4.5% dehulled bean or 0.5% hull of bean and fed for four weeks. The GNB study used a similar diet composition except dehulled diet. RKB and GNB supplements reversed disrupting effects of HSF on central carbon metabolism by enhancing metabolic rate via glycolysis and improving the efficiency of the TCA cycle and amino acids metabolism. Moreover, RKB supplements attenuated hepatic stresses by decreasing lipogenesis, inflammation, and insulin resistance. The wRKB and hRKB supplements were the most beneficial diets, presumably due to their high phenolic and flavonoid content compared to the dhRKB. Additionally, wGNB was superior in maintaining energy homeostasis than hGNB. Intriguingly, RKB still exhibited optimal protection against HSF than GNB for all the supplements. These results are expected to promote the development of optimal farming practices and cooking methods for these beans to treat or prevent metabolic disorders caused by HSF diet.
Subject Area
Nutrition|Food Science
Recommended Citation
Sleem, Ibtesam Abouelmagd, "Red Kidney and Great Northern Beans Ameliorate the Detrimental Effects on the Liver and Intestine Caused by High Saturated Fat Diet in a Hamster Model, with an Emphasis on Energy Homeostasis" (2022). ETD collection for University of Nebraska-Lincoln. AAI30000348.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI30000348