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PART A. ELECTROPHILIC REACTIONS OF RECOIL IODINE-128 WITH GASEOUS AND LIQUID ISOMERS OF PENTENE. PART B. RECOIL HALOGEN REACTIONS IN LIQUID AND FROZEN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF METHYL HALIDES
Abstract
(A) Reaction of high energy iodine with 1-pentene and 2-methyl-2-butene were studied in gaseous and liquid phase systems, with rare gas additives, and in the presence or absence of radical scavengers (I(,2) and O(,2)). The total organic product yield of Iodine-128 as a result of its recoil activated reactions in gaseous 1-pentene and 2-methyl-2-butene at 400 torr pressure were 69.1 (+OR-) 1% and 72 (+OR-) 1% respectively; seven major ('128)I-labelled organic products were observed in both systems. Analysis of all available data suggests that both systems are dominated by ('+)I and ('+)I(,2)-dependent ion-molecule reactions similar to those postulated for the cis-2-butene and methyl propene systems. The diverse and complex nature of the reactions cannot be explained by simple chemical and physical parameters. Comparison with other olefin systems demonstrates the preferential attack of (n,(gamma))-activated iodine at or near the double bond and results in characterization of general traits common to all of the olefin studied. (B) Reactions of recoil ('38)Cl, ('80)Br and ('128)I have been studied in neat crystalline systems of methyl chloride, methyl bromide and methyl iodide as well as liquid and frozen aqueous solutions of these methyl halides. In the neat crystalline systems the labelled products were methyl halides, methylene halides, and ethyl halides. In the liquid aqueous solution the labelled products were methyl halides, and methylene halides, no labelled ethyl halide was observed. The labelled product yields decreased were decreasing methyl halide solute concentration. In the frozen aqueous systems the labelled products were methyl halides, methylene halides and ethyl halides. The labelled product yields were constant over the whole concentrations. For all liquid and frozen aqueous systems, the methyl halides tend to aggregate. For the liquid system, the tendency for aggregation diminished as the solute concentration decreased. Unlike the liquid state, the frozen ice lattice demonstrated a "caging effect" for the solute aggregates which resulted in constant product yields over the whole concentration range.
Subject Area
Chemistry
Recommended Citation
EL-AMRI, FATHI ALI, "PART A. ELECTROPHILIC REACTIONS OF RECOIL IODINE-128 WITH GASEOUS AND LIQUID ISOMERS OF PENTENE. PART B. RECOIL HALOGEN REACTIONS IN LIQUID AND FROZEN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF METHYL HALIDES" (1983). ETD collection for University of Nebraska-Lincoln. AAI8318654.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI8318654