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INTERACTIONS AMONG VITAMINS A, D(3), E AND K IN THE NUTRITION OF STARTING BROILERS AND TURKEYS (FAT-SOLUBLE)
Abstract
Four experiments were conducted with broiler chicks and turkey poults to examine the possible interactions among fat-soluble vitamins. The first and the fourth experiments were conducted with L. W., Nicholas strain, poults and the second and the third experiments were conducted with chicks of the Vantress x Arbor Acre strain. Basal diets were composed largely of ground milo and soybean meal. The first experiment involved a 3 x 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of 3 levels each of vitamin D(,3) and K representing deficient, optimum and excessive (10x optimum quantity) levels. The nine combinations of vitamins D(,3) and K were each fed with two combinations of vitamin A and E, 5,500 IU of A with 0 IU or E, or 11,000 IU of A with 100 IU of E. The second experiment involved all possible combinations of 3 levels of vitamin A (1,000, 10,000, and 100,000 IU/kg) and 4 levels of vitamin D(,3) (220, 1,100, 2,200, and 22,000 ICU/kg). The third experiment involved all possible combinations of 3 levels of vitamin A (5,000, 50,000, and 500,000 IU/kg), 2 levels of vitamin D(,3) (1,000 and 10,000 ICU/kg) and 3 levels of vitamin K (2.2, 11, and 110 mg/kg). The fourth experiment involved all possible combinations of 3 levels of vitamin D(,3) (900, 9,000, and 36,000 ICU/kg), 2 levels of vitamin E (12 and 120 IU/kg), and 3 levels of vitamin K (1, 30, and 150 mg/kg). Results of these experiments indicated that increasing vitamin D(,3) from deficient to optimum levels significantly increased body weight gain, bone ash, and improved feed efficiency. However, no further improvement was found in these parameters D increments above optimum level. The A x D(,3) interaction was significant in that excessive A decreased body weight gain and bone ash and resulted in poorer feed efficiency in the presence either of the deficient or excessive levels of vitamin D(,3). The A x E interaction was significant because the combination of higher levels of these vitamins increased plasma concentrations of each vitamin (Experiment 1). In experiment 4, only bone ash was significantly affected by the interaction between D(,3) and E. With increasing levels of vitamin E, increasing vitamin D(,3) levels resulted in an increase in bone ash. Excessive vitamin K resulted in poorer feed efficiency.
Subject Area
Livestock
Recommended Citation
RUKSOMBOONDE, ANUCHIT, "INTERACTIONS AMONG VITAMINS A, D(3), E AND K IN THE NUTRITION OF STARTING BROILERS AND TURKEYS (FAT-SOLUBLE)" (1986). ETD collection for University of Nebraska-Lincoln. AAI8620818.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI8620818