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Mobility of aniline, benzoic acid, and toluene in four soils, and effect of the synthetic organics on effective cation exchange capacity of the soils
Abstract
Relative mobility of aniline, benzoic acid and toluene was measured in the A horizon of Cecil (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Hapludults), Holdrege, (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Typic Argiustolls), Sharpsburg (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Typic Argiudolls), and Valentine (mixed, mesic Typic Ustipsamments) soils using soil thin-layer chromatography (TLC) or soil chromatographic columns. Also investigated were the dominant soil properties and bonding mechanisms that affected synthetic organic mobility in the soils, and effect of the synthetic organics on effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) of the soils. Mobility of aniline and benzoic acid was higher in the Valentine soils and lower in the Cecil and Sharpsburg soils while toluene was immobile in all soils. Benzoic acid was most mobile of the synthetic organics but was retained in the Cecil soil by hydrogen bonds to Fe oxides. Toluene probably was hydrophobically sorbed to all soils. Aniline was electrostatically retained in protonated form to organic and inorganic exchange sites that resulted in diminished ECEC of aniline-treated Holdrege and Sharpsburg soils. Soil chromatographic columns were constructed to assess the relative mobility of volatile synthetic organics in soil. The column method utilized soil contained in narrow diameter (I.D. = 4 mm) glass tubes held with glass wool on each end. Relative mobility of toluene was determined on soils using columns, and aniline and benzoic acid using columns and TLC. Benzoic acid was more mobile than aniline for all soils using both methods. Toluene was less mobile than benzoic acid for all soils, and less mobile than aniline in the Valentine soil as determined by soil columns. Toluene and aniline had very low mobilities in the other soils. Differences in mobilities between methods may be due to differences in soil preparation. TLC plates were prepared from thinly spread and dried slurries, whereas soil chromatographic columns contained powdered soil samples.
Subject Area
Agronomy|Environmental science
Recommended Citation
Stolpe, Neal Brian, "Mobility of aniline, benzoic acid, and toluene in four soils, and effect of the synthetic organics on effective cation exchange capacity of the soils" (1992). ETD collection for University of Nebraska-Lincoln. AAI9225496.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI9225496