Maternal grandsire, granddam, and sire breed effects on growth and carcass traits of crossbred cattle

Authors

E. Casas, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, USDA, ARSFollow
L. V. Cundiff, U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterFollow

Date of this Version

2003

Document Type

Article

Citation

J. Anim. Sci. 2003. 81:904–911

Comments

Copyright 2003 American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved.

Abstract

Postweaning growth, feed efficiency, and carcass traits were analyzed on 1,422 animals obtained by mating F₁ cows to F₁ (Belgian Blue X British breeds) or Charolais sires. Cows were obtained from mating Hereford, Angus, and U.S. Meat Animal Research Center III ( ¼ Hereford, ¼ Angus, ¼ Pinzgauer, and ¼ Red Poll) dams to Hereford or Angus (British breeds), Tuli, Boran, Brahman, or Belgian Blue sires. Breed groups were fed in replicated pens and slaughtered serially in each of 2 yr. Postweaning average daily gain; live weight; hot carcass weight; fat depth; longissimus area; estimated kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (percentage); percentage Choice; marbling score; USDA yield grade; retail product yield (percentage); retail product weight; fat yield (percentage); fat weight; bone yield (percentage); and bone weight were analyzed in this population. Quadratic regressions of pen mean weight on days fed and of cumulative ME consumption on days fed were used to estimate gain, ME consumption and efficiency (Mcal of ME/kg of gain) over time (0 to 200 d on feed), and weight (300 to 550 kg) intervals. Maternal grandsire breed was significant (P < 0.01) for all traits. Maternal granddam breed (Hereford, Angus, or U.S. Meat Animal Research Center III) was significant (P < 0.05) only for fat depth, USDA yield grade, retail product yield, fat yield, fat weight, and bone yield. Sire breed was significant (P < 0.05) for live weight, hot carcass weight, longissimus area, and bone weight. Sex class was a significant (P < 0.001) source of variation for all traits except for percentage Choice, marbling score, retail product yield, and fat yield. Interactions between maternal grandsire and sire breed were nonexistent. Sire and grandsire breed effects can be optimized by selection and use of appropriate crossbreeding systems.