Genomic Regions Associated with Pseudorabies Virus Infection Status in Naturally Infected Feral Swine (Sus scrofa)

Authors

Courtney F. Bowden, USDA APHIS WS NWRC ColoradoFollow
Jennifer N. Kiser, Washington State University
Ryan S. Miller, USDA APHIS VS CEAH Colorado
Alexandra C. Buckley, USDA ARS NADC VPRU Iowa
Paola M. Boggiatto, USDA ARS NADC IBDRU
Rachael M. Giglio, USDA APHIS WS NWRC Colorado
Vienna R. Brown, USDA APHIS WS NFSDMP Colorado
Dorian Garrick, Massey University
Holly L. Neibergs, Washington State University
Antoinette J. Piaggio, USDA APHIS WS NWRC Colorado
Scott E. Speidel, Colorado State University
Timothy J. Smyser, USDA APHIS WS NWRC Colorado

Document Type

Article

Date of this Version

2023

Citation

Frontiers in Genetics (2023) 14: 1292671

doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1292671

Eedited by Roger Ros-Freixedes

Reviewed by Diana Acosta and Tara G. McDaneld

Comments

United States government work

and

License: CC BY

Abstract

Pseudorabies virus (PRV)—the causative agent of Aujeszky’s disease—was eliminated from commercial pig production herds in the United States (US) in 2004; however, PRV remains endemic among invasive feral swine (Sus scrofa). The circulation of PRV among abundant, widespread feral swine populations poses a sustained risk for disease spillover to production herds. Risk–based surveillance has been successfully implemented for PRV in feral swine populations in the US. However, understanding the role of host genetics in infection status may offer new insights into the epidemiology and disease dynamics of PRV that can be applied to management strategies. Genetic mechanisms underlying host susceptibility to PRV are relatively unknown; therefore, we sought to identify genomic regions associated with PRV infection status among naturally infected feral swine using genome–wide association studies (GWAS) and gene set enrichment analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism data (GSEA–SNP). Paired serological and genotypic data were collected from 6,081 feral swine distributed across the invaded range within the contiguous US. Three complementary study populations were developed for GWAS: 1) comprehensive population consisting of feral swine throughout the invaded range within the contiguous US; 2) population of feral swine under high, but temporally variable PRV infection pressure; and 3) population of feral swine under temporally stable, high PRV infection pressure. We identified one intronic SNP associated with PRV infection status within candidate gene AKAP6 on autosome 7. Various gene sets linked to metabolic pathways were enriched in the GSEA–SNP. Ultimately, improving disease surveillance efforts in feral swine will be critical to further understanding of the role host genetics play in PRV infection status, helping secure the health of commercial pork production.