National Park Service
Date of this Version
2009
Citation
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Midwest Archeological Center Lincoln, Nebraska (2009)
Abstract
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgements....................................................................i
List of Tables...................................................................vii
List of Figures...................................................................ix
Contributors .........................................................................xiii
Chapter 1
In the Footprints of Squier and Davis : Archeological
Fieldwork in Ross County, Ohio
Mark J. Lynott................................................................................1
Previous Studies in Ohio ...................................................1
Hopewell Studies Today ................................................................4
Recent Field Research ..........................................................................6
Goal of this Volume ................................................................................12
Chapter 2
In Non-mound Space at the Hopewell Mound Group
Jennifer Pederson Weinberger .........................................13
Geophysical Survey .......................................................15
Western Village Area.....................................................................16
Near the East Village .....................................................................18
Central Area ............................................................................19
Discussion .......................................................................................19
Chapter 3
Field Studies of the Octagon and Great Circle, High Bank Earthworks Ross County, Ohio
N’omi B. Greber and Orrin C. Shane III ..............................................23 Excavations at the Octagon ............................................................25 Geophysics at the Great Circle ............................................................30
Excavations at the Great Circle ..........................................................33
Radiocarbon Assays ...........................................................................41
Comments ....................................................................................44 Addendum ..........................................................................................46
Chapter 4
Spruce Hill Earthworks: The 1995-1996 National Park Service Investigations
Bret J. Ruby .............................................................................................49
Background .......................................................................................49
The Spruce Hill Earthworks .......................................................................49
Spruce Hill Revisited ......................................................................53
The 1995-1996 National Park Service Investigations ............................53
Discussion and Conclusions ..............................................................61
Chapter 5
Falling Through a Crack in the Core: The Surprise and Demise of Anderson Earthwork
William H. Pickard and Jeffrey W. Weinberger ........................................ 67
History and Setting ..................................................................................68
1993 Excavations ..................................................................................70
Discussion ..............................................................................................72
Conclusion ............................................................................................74
Chapter 6
Middle Woodland and Other Settlement Remains in the Overly Tract Near The Hopeton Earthwork, Ross County, Ohio
William S. Dancey .....................................................................................................77
Research Design.............................................................................77
Artifact Categories and their Distributions..............................................80
Discussion............................................................................................92
Chapter 7
Hopewell Occupation at the Hopeton Earthworks: Large Scale Surface Survey Using GPS Technology
Jarrod Burks and Dawn Walter Gagliano................................................97
The Survey Area ................................................................................98
Survey Methodology .............................................................................99
Survey Results ...................................................................................99
The Surface Data: A Siteless Approach .................................................103
Discussion and Conclusion .........................................................................106
Notes ...................................................................................................107
Chapter 8
Hopewellian Centers in Context: Investigations In and Around the Hopeton Earthworks
Bret J. Ruby And Mark J. Lynott .................................................................109
Surface Survey ......................................................................................110
Redwing Site ...........................................................................................111
Comparisons .........................................................................................118
Conclusions ......................................................................................122
Chapter 9
Searching for Hopewell Settlements: The Triangle Site at the Hopeton Earthworks
Mark Lynott ...................................................................................... 125
Field Investigations ............................................................................127
Geophysical Survey ............................................................................128
1998 Season ....................................................................................128
Features, Artifacts and Radiocarbon Dating ........................................130
Animal Remains ...............................................................................137
Plant Remains ................................................................................138
Interpretations ..............................................................................139
Chapter 10
Geophysical Investigations at the Hopeton Earthworks
John Weymouth, Bruce Bevan, and Rinita Dalan ...............................145
The Cesium Gradiometer Survey ...........................................................146
Cesium Gradiometer Results ...................................................................146
Geoscan Instrument Surveys ..............................................................148
Comparison of Cesium Magnetic and Resistance Data ........................148
Small Circles...........................................................................................149
Trench Excavations ...................................................................................149
Discussion ................................................................................................152
Conclusions ......................................................................................157
Chapter 11
Archeological and Geoarcheological Study of the Rectangular Enclosure at the Hopeton Works
Mark J. Lynott and Rolfe D. Mandel ......................................................159
The Study of the Rectangular Earthwork ................................................161
Geophysical Survey ..............................................................................163
Trench Excavations .............................................................................164
Chronology ........................................................................................170
Geoarcheological Analysis of Trench 1 .................................................172
Interpretations ................................................................................174
Chapter 12
Ohio Hopewell Ritual Craft Production
Katherine A. Spielmann ............................................................ 179
Raw Material Procurement ....................................................................180
Hopewell Crafting ................................................................................181
Deposition ...........................................................................................186
Conclusions ....................................................................................188
References Cited .....................................................................................................189