National Park Service
Title
Footprints- In the Footprints of Squier and Davis: Archeological Fieldwork in Ross County, Ohio
Date of this Version
2009
Citation
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Midwest Archeological Center Lincoln, Nebraska (2009)
Abstract
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgements....................................................................i
List of Tables...................................................................vii
List of Figures...................................................................ix
Contributors .........................................................................xiii
Chapter 1
In the Footprints of Squier and Davis : Archeological
Fieldwork in Ross County, Ohio
Mark J. Lynott................................................................................1
Previous Studies in Ohio ...................................................1
Hopewell Studies Today ................................................................4
Recent Field Research ..........................................................................6
Goal of this Volume ................................................................................12
Chapter 2
In Non-mound Space at the Hopewell Mound Group
Jennifer Pederson Weinberger .........................................13
Geophysical Survey .......................................................15
Western Village Area.....................................................................16
Near the East Village .....................................................................18
Central Area ............................................................................19
Discussion .......................................................................................19
Chapter 3
Field Studies of the Octagon and Great Circle, High Bank Earthworks Ross County, Ohio
N’omi B. Greber and Orrin C. Shane III ..............................................23 Excavations at the Octagon ............................................................25 Geophysics at the Great Circle ............................................................30
Excavations at the Great Circle ..........................................................33
Radiocarbon Assays ...........................................................................41
Comments ....................................................................................44 Addendum ..........................................................................................46
Chapter 4
Spruce Hill Earthworks: The 1995-1996 National Park Service Investigations
Bret J. Ruby .............................................................................................49
Background .......................................................................................49
The Spruce Hill Earthworks .......................................................................49
Spruce Hill Revisited ......................................................................53
The 1995-1996 National Park Service Investigations ............................53
Discussion and Conclusions ..............................................................61
Chapter 5
Falling Through a Crack in the Core: The Surprise and Demise of Anderson Earthwork
William H. Pickard and Jeffrey W. Weinberger ........................................ 67
History and Setting ..................................................................................68
1993 Excavations ..................................................................................70
Discussion ..............................................................................................72
Conclusion ............................................................................................74
Chapter 6
Middle Woodland and Other Settlement Remains in the Overly Tract Near The Hopeton Earthwork, Ross County, Ohio
William S. Dancey .....................................................................................................77
Research Design.............................................................................77
Artifact Categories and their Distributions..............................................80
Discussion............................................................................................92
Chapter 7
Hopewell Occupation at the Hopeton Earthworks: Large Scale Surface Survey Using GPS Technology
Jarrod Burks and Dawn Walter Gagliano................................................97
The Survey Area ................................................................................98
Survey Methodology .............................................................................99
Survey Results ...................................................................................99
The Surface Data: A Siteless Approach .................................................103
Discussion and Conclusion .........................................................................106
Notes ...................................................................................................107
Chapter 8
Hopewellian Centers in Context: Investigations In and Around the Hopeton Earthworks
Bret J. Ruby And Mark J. Lynott .................................................................109
Surface Survey ......................................................................................110
Redwing Site ...........................................................................................111
Comparisons .........................................................................................118
Conclusions ......................................................................................122
Chapter 9
Searching for Hopewell Settlements: The Triangle Site at the Hopeton Earthworks
Mark Lynott ...................................................................................... 125
Field Investigations ............................................................................127
Geophysical Survey ............................................................................128
1998 Season ....................................................................................128
Features, Artifacts and Radiocarbon Dating ........................................130
Animal Remains ...............................................................................137
Plant Remains ................................................................................138
Interpretations ..............................................................................139
Chapter 10
Geophysical Investigations at the Hopeton Earthworks
John Weymouth, Bruce Bevan, and Rinita Dalan ...............................145
The Cesium Gradiometer Survey ...........................................................146
Cesium Gradiometer Results ...................................................................146
Geoscan Instrument Surveys ..............................................................148
Comparison of Cesium Magnetic and Resistance Data ........................148
Small Circles...........................................................................................149
Trench Excavations ...................................................................................149
Discussion ................................................................................................152
Conclusions ......................................................................................157
Chapter 11
Archeological and Geoarcheological Study of the Rectangular Enclosure at the Hopeton Works
Mark J. Lynott and Rolfe D. Mandel ......................................................159
The Study of the Rectangular Earthwork ................................................161
Geophysical Survey ..............................................................................163
Trench Excavations .............................................................................164
Chronology ........................................................................................170
Geoarcheological Analysis of Trench 1 .................................................172
Interpretations ................................................................................174
Chapter 12
Ohio Hopewell Ritual Craft Production
Katherine A. Spielmann ............................................................ 179
Raw Material Procurement ....................................................................180
Hopewell Crafting ................................................................................181
Deposition ...........................................................................................186
Conclusions ....................................................................................188
References Cited .....................................................................................................189