Low trap-state density and long carrier diffusion in organolead trihalide perovskite single crystals

Authors

Dong Shi, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Valerio Adinolfi, University of Toronto
Riccardo Comin, University of Toronto
Mingjian Yuan, University of Toronto
Erkki Alarousu, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Andrei Buin, University of Toronto
Yin Chen, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Sjoerd Hoogland, University of Toronto
Alexander Rothenberger, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Khabiboulakh Katsiev, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Yaroslav B. Losovyj, Indiana University- BloomingtonFollow
Xin Zhang, University of Nebraska-LincolnFollow
Peter A. Dowben, University of Nebraska-LincolnFollow
Omar F. Mohammed, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Edward H. Sargent, University of Toronto
Osman M. Bakr, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Follow

Date of this Version

2015

Citation

Science 347, 519 (2015)

Comments

Copyright 2015 Used by permission

Abstract

The fundamental properties and ultimate performance limits of organolead trihalide MAPbX₃ (MA = CH₃NH₃ +; X = Br^– or I^–) perovskites remain obscured by extensive disorder in polycrystalline MAPbX₃ films. We report an antisolvent vapor-assisted crystallization approach that enables us to create sizable crack-free MAPbX₃ single crystals with volumes exceeding 100 cubic millimeters. These large single crystals enabled a detailed characterization of their optical and charge transport characteristics. We observed exceptionally low trap-state densities on the order of 10⁹ to 10¹⁰ per cubic centimeter in MAPbX₃ single crystals (comparable to the best photovoltaic-quality silicon) and charge carrier diffusion lengths exceeding 10 micrometers. These results were validated with density functional theory calculations.