Statistical Survey of Persistent Organic Pollutants: Risk Estimations to Humans and Wildlife through Consumption of Fish from U.S. Rivers

Authors

Angela L. Batt, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development National Exposure Research Laboratory
John B. Wathen, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water Office of Science and TechnologyFollow
James M. Lazorchak, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development National Exposure Research Laboratory
Anthony R. Olsen, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development
Thomas M. Kincaid, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development

Document Type

Article

Date of this Version

2017

Citation

Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017, 51, pp. 3021−3031, DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05162.

Comments

This article not subject to U.S. Copyright. Published 2017 by the American Chemical Society

Abstract

U.S. EPA conducted a national statistical survey of fish tissue contamination at 540 river sites (representing 82 954 river km) in 2008−2009, and analyzed samples for 50 persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including 21 PCB congeners, 8 PBDE congeners, and 21 organochlorine pesticides. The survey results were used to provide national estimates of contamination for these POPs. PCBs were the most abundant, being measured in 93.5% of samples. Summed concentrations of the 21 PCB congeners had a national weighted mean of 32.7 μg/kg and a maximum concentration of 857 μg/kg, and exceeded the human health cancer screening value of 12 μg/kg in 48% of the national sampled population of river km, and in 70% of the urban sampled population. PBDEs (92.0%), chlordane (88.5%) and DDT (98.7%) were also detected frequently, although at lower concentrations. Results were examined by subpopulations of rivers, including urban or nonurban and three defined ecoregions. PCBs, PBDEs, and DDT occur at significantly higher concentrations in fish from urban rivers versus nonurban; however, the distribution varied more among the ecoregions. Wildlife screening values previously published for bird and mammalian species were converted from whole fish to fillet screening values, and used to estimate risk for wildlife through fish consumption.