Delayed-type hypersensitivity and hepatitis B vaccine responses, in vivo markers of cellular and humoral immune function, and the risk of AIDS or death

Authors

Shane B. Patterson, Division of Internal Medicine, San Antonio Military Medical Center
Michael L. Landrum, Bellin Health
Jason F. Okulicz, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, San Antonio Military Medical CenterFollow

Date of this Version

2014

Citation

Vaccine 32 (2014) 3341–3344

Comments

This article is a U.S. government work, and is not subject to copyright in the United States.

Abstract

Background: Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) test responsiveness is associated with HIV disease progression; however it is unknown whether other immune markers, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine seroresponse, also predict HIV outcomes. Methods: Eligible participants received HBV vaccine after HIV diagnosis, had non-anergic DTH testing at the time of last HBV vaccination, and available post-vaccine HBV antibody responses. The risk of progression to AIDS or death from the time of last HBV vaccination was evaluated. Results: Of 369 eligible participants with non-anergic DTH responses, 148 (40%) were HBV vaccine responders. In a multivariate model adjusted for age, CD4 count, viral load, and number of vaccinations, HBV vaccine non-responders had an increased risk of progression to AIDS or death (HR 1.81; 95% CI, 1.03–3.19). Conclusions: HBV vaccine seroresponses were independent of DTH responses which suggest that nonresponse to HBV vaccine is not solely due to cell-mediated immune dysfunction in HIV-infected persons.