Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Department of

 

Date of this Version

7-1-2014

Citation

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology www.frontiersin.org July 2014|Volume 4|Article 88 | CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY

Comments

2014Bannantine,Everman,Rose,Babrak,Katani,Barletta,Talaat, Gröhn,Chang,KapurandBermudez.

Abstract

Johne's disease is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), which results in serious economic losses worldwide in farmed livestock such as cattle, sheep, and goats. To control this disease, an effective vaccine with minimal adverse effects is needed. In order to identify a live vaccine for Johne's disease, we evaluated eight attenuated mutant strains of MAP using a C57BL/6 mouse model. The persistaence of the vaccine candidates was measured at 6, 12, and 18 weeks post vaccination. Only strains 320, 321, and 329 colonized both the liver and spleens up until the 12-week time point. The remaining five mutants showed no survival in those tissues,indicating their complete attenuation in the mouse model. The candidate vaccine strains demonstrated different levels of protection based on colonization of the challenge strain in liver and spleen tissues at 12 and 18 weeks post vaccination. Based on total MAP burden in both tissues at both time points, strain 315 (MAP 1566::Tn 5370) was the most protective where as strain 318 (intergenic Tn 5367 insertion between MAP 0282c and MAP 0283c) had the most colonization. Mice vaccinated with an undiluted commercial vaccine preparation displayed the highest bacterial burden as well as enlarged spleens indicative of a strong infection. Selected vaccine strains that showed promise in the mouse model were moved forward in to a goat challenge model. The results suggest that the mouse trial, as conducted, may have a relatively poor predictive value for protection in a ruminant host such as goats.

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