The mission of USDA APHIS Wildlife Services (WS) is to provide federal leadership and expertise to resolve wildlife conflicts to allow people and wildlife to coexist. Wildlife Services conducts program delivery, research, and other activities through its regional and state offices, the National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC), its field stations, as well as through its national programs.

2010

Evaluation of Large, Mobile, Decoy Traps for Managing Blackbird Damage to Ripening Sunflower, George M. Linz, Anthony Slowik, H. Jeffrey Homan, and Robert Byrd

Evaluation of Feral Swine- Specific Feeder Systems, David B. Long, Tyler A. Campbell, and Giovanna Massei

Antibodies to Influenza and West Nile Viruses in Horses in Mexico, M. A. Loroño-Pino, J. A. Farfan-Ale, J. E. Garcia-Rejon, M. Lin, E. Rosado-Paredes, F. I. Puerto, A. Bates, J. J. Root, A. B. Franklin, H. J. Sullivan, and B. J. Blitvich

Contraceptive Efficacy of a Novel Intrauterine Device (IUD) in White-Tailed Deer, Karl D. Malcolm, Timothy R. Van Deelen, David Drake, Darrel J. Kesler, and Kurt C. VerCauteren

Immunocontraception to control rabies in dog populations, Giovanna Massei, Lowell A. Miller, and Gary Killian

Reproductive Biology of Male Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) on Guam, Tom Mathies, John A. Cruz, Valentine A. Lance, and Julie A. Savidge

Acetaminophen as an Oral Toxicant for Nile Monitor Lizards (Varanus niloticus) and Burmese Pythons (Python molurus bivittatus), Richard E. Mauldin and Peter J. Savarie

Seeking a Second Opinion: Uncertainty in Disease Ecology, Brett T. McClintock, James D. Nichols, Larissa L. Bailey, Darryl I. MacKenzie, William. L. Kendall, and Alan B. Franklin

Test of Localized Management for Reducing Deer Browsing in Forest Regeneration Areas, Brad F. Miller, Tyler A. Campbell, Ben Laseter, W. Mark Ford, and Karl Miller

Fine-Scale Genetic and Social Structuring in a Central Appalachian White-Tailed Deer Herd, Brad F. Miller, Randy W. DeYoung, Tyler A. Campbell, Benjamin R. Laseter, W. Mark Ford, and Karl V. Miller

Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Feral Swine: Susceptibility and Transmission, F. Mohamed, S. Swafford, H. Petrowski, A. Bracht, B. S. Schmit, A. Fabian, J. M. Pacheco, E. Hartwig, M. Berninger, C. Carrillo, G. Mayr, K. Moran, D. Kavanaugh, H. Leibrecht, W. White, and S. Metwally

The Earliest House Sparrow Introductions to North America, Michael P. Moulton, Wendell P. Cropper Jr., Michael L. Avery, and Linda E. Moulton

Shedding and serologic responses following primary and secondary inoculation of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) and European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) with low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus, Nicole M. Nemeth, Nicholas O. Thomas, Darcy S. Orahood, Theodore D. Anderson, and Paul T. Oesterle

Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Outbreak In A Captive Facility Housing White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), Bison (Bison Bison), Elk (Cervus Elaphus), Cattle (Bos Taurus), And Goats (Capra Hircus) In Colorado, Usa, Pauline Nol, Cecilia Kato, Will K. Reeves, Jack Rhyan, Terry R. Spraker, Thomas Gidlewski, Kurt C. VerCauteren, and Mo Salman

Experimental Exposure of Swallow Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to West Nile Virus, Paul T. Oesterle, Nicole M. Nemeth, Paul Doherty, Robert McLean, and Larry Clark

Cliff Swallows, Swallow Bugs, and West Nile Virus: An Unlikely Transmission Mechanism, Paul T. Oesterle, Nicole M. Nemeth, Ginger Young, Nicole Mooers, Stacey Elmore, Richard Bowen, Paul Doherty, Jeffrey Hall, Robert McLean, and Larry Clark

Emerging Challenges of Managing Island Invasive Species: Potential Invasive Species Unintentionally Spread from Military Restructuring, William C. Pitt, Randal S. Stahl, and Christi Yoder

Raccoon (Procyon lotor) Movements and Dispersal Associated with Ridges and Valleys of Pennsylvania: Implications for Rabies Management, Robert B. Puskas, Justin W. Fischer, Craig B. Swope, Mike R. Dunbar, Robert G. McLean, and J. Jeffrey Root

Evolving Analyses of the Shoshone River Skunk Rabies Epizootic in Wyoming, Craig A. Ramey, Kenneth H. Mills, and Justin W. Fischer

Exclusion Fencing for Feral Hogs at White-tailed Deer Feeders, Justin M. Rattan, Billy J. Higginbotham, David B. Long, and Tyler A. Campbell

Comparative Toxicity of Diphacinone to Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and American Kestrels (Falco sparverius), Barnett A. Rattner, Katherine E. Horak, Sarah E. Warner, Daniel D. Day, and John J. Johnston

Acute toxicity of diphacinone in Northern bobwhite: Effects on survival and blood clotting, Barnett A. Rattner, Katherine E. Horak, Sarah E. Warner, and John J. Johnston

A Silent Enzootic of an Orthopoxvirus in Ghana, West Africa: Evidence for Multi-Species Involvement in the Absence of Widespread Human Disease, Mary G. Reynolds, Darin S. Carroll, Victoria A. Olson, Christine Hughes, Jack Galley, Anna Likos, Joel M. Montgomery, Richard Suu-Ire, Mubarak O. Kwasi, J. Jeffrey Root, Zach Braden, Jason Abel, Cody Clemmons, Russell Regnery, Kevin Karem, and Inger K. Damon

Experimental Infection of Raccoons (Procyon lotor) with West Nile Virus, J. Jeffrey Root, Kevin T. Bentler, Nicole M. Nemeth, Thomas Gidlewski, Terry R. Spraker, and Alan B. Franklin

Enzymatic Digestion of Chronic Wasting Disease Prions Bound to Soil, Samuel Saunders, Jason C. Bartz, Kurt C. Vercauteren, and Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt

Habitat succession, hardwood encroachment and raccoons as limiting factors for Lower Keys marsh rabbits, Paige M. Schmidt, Robert A. McCleery, Roel R. Lopez, Nova J. Silvy, and Jason A. Schmidt

What Tradition Teaches: INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE COMPLEMENTS WESTERN WILDLIFE SCIENCE, Paige M. Schmidt and Heather K. Stricker

Response of Captive Skunks to Microencapsulated Tetracycline, Brandon S. Schmit, Thomas M. Primus, Jerome C. Hurley, Dennis J. Kohler, and Shawna F. Graves

Reporting Difference for Colored Patagial Tags on Ring-Billed Gulls, Thomas W. Seamans, Scott F. Beckerman, John W. Hartmann, James A. Rader, and Bradley F. Blackwell

Potential Economic Damage From Introduction of Brown Tree Snakes, Boiga Irregularis (Reptilia: Colubridae), to The Islands Of Hawai‘i, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Karen Gebhardt, Katy N. Kirkpatrick, and Steven S. Shwiff

The Versatility of Graded Acoustic Measures in Classification of Predation Threats by the Tufted Titmouse Baeolophus bicolor: Exploring a Mixed Framework for Threat Communication, Kathryn E. Sieving, Stacia A. Hetrick, and Michael L. Avery

Host-Specificity of Myxoma Virus: Pathogenesis of South American and North American Strains of Myxoma Virus in Two North American Lagomorph Species, L. Silvers, D. Barnard, F. Knowlton, B. Inglis, A. Labudovic, M.K. Holland, P.A. Janssens, B.H. van Leeuwen, and P.J. Kerr

Assessment of Woven Wire for Reducing Predation on Red-Winged Blackbird Nests, Anthony A. Slowik, George M. Linz, and H. Jeffrey Homan

American Bullfrogs as Invasive Species: A Review of the Introduction, Subsequent Problems, Management Options, and Future Directions, Nathan P. Snow and Gary W. Witmer

Mite-Filled Cyst on a Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) in Florida, USA, Marilyn G. Spalding, James W. Mertins, Matthew J. Reetz, Kandy L. Keacher, Michael L. Avery, and Ellis C. Greiner

Evaluation of Christmas Bird Counts and Landscape Factors as Indicators of Local Blackbird and European Starling Winter Roosts, Matthew Strassburg, George M. Linz, and William Bleier

Polyurea Elastomer Protects Utility Pole Crossarms From Damage by Pileated Woodpeckers, Shelagh Tupper, William Andelt, John Cummings, Charles Weisner, and Richard Harness

European Starling Preferences for Bait Substrates Used In DRC-1339 Applications, H. Jeffrey USDA-APHIS-Wildlife Services, George M. Linz, Scott F. Beckerman, Anthony Duffiney, and Thomas Halstead

Shedding Light on Avian Influenza H4N6 Infection in Mallards: Modes of Transmission and Implications for Surveillance, Kaci K. VanDalen, Alan B. Franklin, Nicole L. Mooers, Heather J. Sullivan, and Susan A. Shriner

Identification and Management of Wildlife Damage, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Richard A. Dolbeer, and Eric M. Gese

Assessment of Abilities of White-Tailed Deer to Jump Fences, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Timothy R. Vandeelen, Michael J. Lavelle, and Wayne Hall

Management of damage by elk (Cervus elaphus) in North America: a review, W. David Walter, Michael J. Lavelle, Justin W. Fischer, Therese L. Johnson, Scott E. Hygnstrom, and Kurt C. Vercauteren

Body Lice, Yersinia pestis Orientalis, and Black Death, Mark Welford, Brian Bossak, Robert G. McLean, Michael W. Fall, Michel Drancourt, and Didier Raoult

Laboratory Efficacy of Chemical Repellents for Reducing Blackbird Damage in Rice and Sunflower Crops, Scott J. Werner, George M. Linz, Shelagh K. Tupper, and James C. Carlson

Increased Risk of Chronic Wasting Disease in Rocky Mountain Elk Associated With Decreased Magnesium and Increased Manganese in Brain Tissue, Stephen N. White, Katherine I. O’Rourke, Thomas Gidlewski, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Michelle R. Mousel, Gregory E. Phillips, and Terry R. Spraker

Prey-mediated avoidance of an intraguild predator by its intraguild prey, Ryan R. Wilson, Terry L. Blankenship, Mevin B. Hooten, and John Shivik

Accounting for Individuals, Uncertainty, and Multiscale Clustering in Core Area Estimation, Ryan R. Wilson, Mevin B. Hooten, Bradley N. Strobel, and John Shivik

Challenges and Unique Solutions to Rodent Eradication in Florida, Gary W. Witmer, John D. Eisemann, Parker Hall, Michael L. Avery, and Anthony Duffiney

Assessing Potential Risk to Alligators, Alligator mississippiensis, from Nutria Control with Zinc Phosphide Rodenticide Baits, Gary W. Witmer, John D. Eisemann, Thomas M. Primus, Jeanette R. O’Hare, Kelly R. Perry, Ruth M. Elsey, and Phillip L. Trosclair III

Epizootiologic Survey of Mycobacterium Bovis in Wildlife and Farm Environments in Northern Michigan, Gary W. Witmer, Amanda E. Fine, James Gionfriddo, Michael Pipas, Kirk Shively, Kim Piccolo, and Patrick Burke

Rodent outbreaks in North America, Gary W. Witmer and Gilbert Proulx

SUSTAINED AGRICITLTURE: THE NEED TO MANAGE RODENT DAMAGE, Gary W. Witmer and Grant R. Singleton

Potential Attractants for Detecting and Removing Invading Gambian Giant Pouched Rats (Cricetomys gambianus), Gary W. Witmer, Nathan P. Snow, and Patrick Burke

Evaluating commercially available rodenticide baits for invasive Gambian giant pouched rats (Cricetomys gambianus), Gary W. Witmer, Nathan P. Snow, and Patrick W. Burke

Identifying Effective Attractants and Rodenticide Baits for Gambian Giant Pouched Rats, Gary W. Witmer, Nathan P. Snow, and Rachael Piergross

Behavioral flexibility and species invasions: the adaptive flexibility hypothesis, Timothy F. Wright, J.R. Eberhard, E.A. Hobson, Michael L. Avery, and M.A. Russello

New Evidence Suggests Southern China as a Common Source of Multiple Clusters of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus, Bin Wu, Chengmin Wang, Guoying Dong, Yunhai Guo, Dale L. Nolte, Thomas Jude Deliberto, Jianguo Xu, Mingxing Duan, and Hongxuan He

2009

Ecological correlates of risk and incidence of West Nile virus in the United States, Brian F. Allan, R. Brian Langerhans, Wade A. Ryberg, William J. Landesman, Nicholas W. Griffin, Rachael S. Katz, Brad J. Oberle, Michele R. Schutzenhofer, Kristina N. Smyth, Annabelle de St. Maurice, Larry Clark, Kevin R. Crooks, Daniel E. Hernandez, Robert G. McLean, Richard S. Ostfeld, and Jonathan M. Chase

Spatial Ecology of Raccoons Related to Cattle and Bovine Tuberculosis in Northeastern Michigan, Todd C. Atwood, Thomas J. Deliberto, Holly J. Smith, Justin S. Stevenson, and Kurt C. Vercauteren

Spatial Partitioning of Predation Risk in a Multiple Predator–Multiple Prey System, Todd C. Atwood, Eric Gese, and Kyran Kunkel

Gopherus polyphemus (Gopher Tortoise), Ctenosaura similis (Gray's Spiny-Tailed Iguana) Predation, Michael L. Avery, Eric A. Tillman, and Kenneth Krysko

Effects of a synthetic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist, leuprolide, on rut-associated events in male red deer, G. K. Barrell, S. C. T. Schaafsma, M. J. Ridgway, M. Wellby, and L. A. Miller

A Tool Box Half Full: How Social Science can Help Solve Human–Wildlife Conflict, Sharon Baruch-Mordo, Kenneth R. Wilson, John Broderick, and Stewart W. Breck

Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 5. Eleutherodactylus coqui, the Coqui Frog (Anura: Leptodactylidae), Karen H. Beard, William C. Pitt, and Emily A. Price

No adverse effects of simultaneous vaccination with the immunocontraceptive GonaConTM and a commercial rabies vaccine on rabies virus neutralizing antibody production in dogs, Scott C. Bender, David L. Bergman, Krista M. Wenning, Lowell A. Miller, Charles E. Rupprecht, Dennis Slate, and Felix R. Jackson

Dogs Gone Wild: Feral Dog Damage in the United States, David Bergman, Stewart W. Breck, and Scott Bender

Wildlife collisions with aircraft: A missing component of land-use planning for airports, Bradley F. Blackwell, Travis L. DeVault, Esteban Fernández-Juricic, and Richard A. Dolbeer

Avian Visual System Configuration and Behavioural Response to Object Approach, Bradley F. Blackwell, Esteban Fernandez-Juricic, Thomas W. Seamans, and Tracy Dolan

Enhancing the Perceived Threat of Vehicle Approach to Deer, Bradley F. Blackwell and Thomas W. Seamans

Richard A. Dolbeer: scientist, innovator, manager, and mentor, Bradley F. Blackwelll and Travis L. DeVault

Avian visual system configuration and behavioural response to object approach, Bradley F. Blackwelll, Esteban Fernández-Juricic, Thomas W. Seamans, and Tracy Dolan

Selective Foraging For Anthropogenic Resources By Black Bears: Minivans In Yosemite National Park, Stewart W. Breck, Nathan Lance, and Victoria Seher

Setting research priorities at Wildlife Services’ National Wildlife Research Center, Richard L. Bruggers

Evaluation of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate as a Blackbird Wetting Agent, Robert Byrd, John Cummings, Shelagh Tupper, and John D. Eisemann

Las enfermedades del venado cola blanca en Norteamérica: situación actual y desafíos., Tyler A. Campbell

Feral swine damage and damage management in forested ecosystems, Tyler A. Campbell and David B. Long

Strawberry-Flavored Baits for Pharmaceutical Delivery to Feral Swine, Tyler A. Campbell and David B. Long

Influence of exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone on seasonal reproductive behavior of the coyote (Canis latrans), D. A. Carlson and E. M. Gese

An Overview of Historical Beaver Management in Arizona, Christopher Carrillo, David Bergman, Jimmy D. Taylor II, Dale L. Nolte, Patrick Viehoever, and Mike Disney

Spatial Ecologyand Social Interactions of Jaguars (Panthera onca) in the Southern Pantanal, Brazil, Sandra M. C. Cavalcanti and Eric M. Gese

Sapro-Zoonotic Risks Posed by Wild Birds in Agricultural Landscapes, Larry Clark

Comparison of Injuries to Coyote From 3 Types of Cable Foot-Restraints, Patrick Darrow, Ramona Skirpstunas, S. Wade Carlson, and John Shivik

Surveillance for highly pathogenic avian influenza in wild birds in the USA, Thomas J. Deliberto, Seth R. Swafford, Dale L. Nolte, Kerri Pedersen, Mark W. Lutman, Brandon S.. Schmit, John A. Baroch, Dennis J. Kohler, and Alan B. Franklin

Testudines - Turtles, James Delutes III and Richard M. Engeman

Habitat and Bird Communities at Small Airports in the Midwestern USA, Travis L. Devault, Jacob Kubel, Olin E. Rhodes Jr., and Richard Dolbeer

Landscape-Genetic Analysis of Population Structure in the Texas Gray Fox Oral Rabies Vaccination Zone, Randy DeYoung, Angeline Zamorano, Brian Mesenrink, Tyler A. Campbell, Bruce Leland, Guy Moore, Rodney Honeycutt, and J. Jeffrey Root

Experimental Bolbophorus damnificus (Digenea: Bolbophoridae) Infections in Piscivorous Birds, Cynthia M. Doffitt, Linda M. Pote, and D. Tommy King

Use of Infrared Thermography to Detect Thermographic Changes in Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus) Experimentally Infected with Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Mike R. Dunbar, Shylo R. Johnson, Jack C. Ryan, and Matt McCollum

Relating Ten Years of Northern Raccoon Road-Kill Data to Their Attraction to Sea Turtle Nests, Richard M. Engeman, Alice Bard, Henry T. Smith, and N. Paige Groninger

Ctenosaura similis (Black Spiny-Tailed Iguana), ,i>Gopherus Polyphemus (Gopher Tortoise) Concurrent Burrow Use, Richard M. Engeman, Bernice Constantin, Missy Christie, and Parker Hall

Managing Predators to Protect Endangered Species and Promote Their Successful Reproduction, Richard M. Engeman, Bernice Constantin, Kenneth S. Gruver, and Corey Ross

“Species Pollution” in Florida: A Cross-Section of Invasive Vertebrate Issues and Management Responses, Richard M. Engeman, Bernice Constantin, Scott Hardin, Henry Smith, and Walter Meshaka Jr.

Testing a passive tracking index for monitoring the endangered Ethiopian wolf, Paul Paul Evangelista, Richard M. Engeman, and Lucy Tallents

Protein Hydrolysates Are Avoided by Herbivores but Not by Omnivores in Two-Choice Preference Tests, Kristin L. Field, Alexander Bachmanov, Julie A. Mennella, Gary K. Beauchamp, and Bruce A. Kimball

Identification of 24 polymorphic microsatellite markers for the double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus), Jennifer A. Fike, Travis L. DeVault, and Olin E. Rhodes Jr.

Probabilistic movement model with emigration simulates movements of deer in Nebraska, 1990–2006, Charles J. Frost, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Andrew J. Tyre, Kent M. Eskridge, David M. Baasch, Justin R. Boner, Gregory M. Clements, Jason M. Gilsdorf, Travis C. Kinsell, and Kurt C. Vercauteren

A Field-Test of Rhodamine B as a Biomarker in Raccoons, Tricia Fry, Tara Baranowski, Brandi Hughey, and Mike Dunbar

Avian Use of Harvested Crop Fields in North Dakota During Spring Migration, Alegra M. Galle, George M. Linz, H. Jeffrey Homan, and William J. Bleier

Translocation of nine-banded armadillos, Daniel J. Gammons, Michael Mengak, and L. Michael Conner

Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Wild European Starlings at a Kansas Cattle Feedlot, Shannon M. Gaukler, George M. Linz, Julie S. Sherwood, Neil W. Dyer, William J. Bleier, Yvonne M. Wannemuehler, Lisa K. Nolan, and Catherine M. Logue