Scientists at the Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC) develop new technology in order to increase the efficiency of livestock production and benefit consumers. The USMARC was authorized by Congress on June 16, 1964, and development began in the spring of 1966 on 35,000 acres near Clay Center, Nebraska. Presently, research programs are using a female breeding population of 6,500 cattle of 18 breeds, 4,000 sheep of 10 breeds, and 700 swine litters per year. The USMARC is administered by the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) within the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). On October 10, 1978, President Jimmy Carter signed into law a bill which renamed the research facility after former Senator Roman L. Hruska of Nebraska.

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1993

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Meat Tenderness and the Calpain Enzyme System in Young Bulls and Steers, Tommy L. Wheeler, J. Brad Morgan, Mohammad Koohmaraie, Jeff W. Savell, and John D. Crouse

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The Effectiveness of Subjecting Bos indicus Crossbred Beef Carcasses to Higher Temperatures to Improve Tenderness, Georgianna Whipple, Mohammad Koohmaraie, Michael E. Dikeman, and John D. Crouse

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Bos indicus Breeding Effects on Muscle Characteristics and Their Relationship With Meat Tenderness, Georgianna Whipple, Mohammad Koohmaraie, Michael E. Dikeman, John D. Crouse, and Melvin C. Hunt

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Computer Simulation of Body Composition in Growing and Finishing Beef Cattle, Charles B. Williams, John W. Keele, and Gary L. Bennett

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A New Approach to Estimating Empty-Body Weight in Growing and Finishing Beef Cattle, Charles B. Williams, John W. Keele, and Dale R. Waldo

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Relationships of Thymic Peptides Thymosin α1 and β4 With Reproductive Status: Puberty and Estrus, Thomas H. Wise, Michael L. Day, James E. Kinder, and Ralph R. Maurer

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Effect of Method of Estrous Synchronization on Oocyte Quality and Follicular Insulin- Like Growth Factor (IGF-I), Thomas H. Wise and Ralph R. Murer

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Brachygnathia in Simmental Cattle, Neal E. Woollen

1990

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Germ Plasm Evaluation Program- Progress Report No. 12, Larry V. Cundiff, Robert M. Koch, Keith E. Gregory, John D. Crouse, and Michael E. Dikeman

1989

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A blocking ELISA for the detection of specific antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus, Marvin B. Rhodes, Carol A. Klucas, Merwin L. Frey, and Gary A. Anderson

1988

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Beef Research Program Progress Report No. 3 (1988): Table of Contents

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Changes in Testicular Morphology in Boars Actively Immunized Against Gonadotropin Hormone-Releasing Hormone, Caleb A. Awoniyi, Varadaraj Chandrashekar, Robert D. Arthur, Bruce S. Schanbacher, and Richard E. Falvo

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Effects of Dietary Energy Density on Carcass Composition and Beef Palatability Characteristics, Gary L. Bennett

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Breed and Heterosis Utilization in Rotational and Composite Crosses, Gary L. Bennett and Michael D. MacNeil

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Mating and Grazing Behavior of Low and High Serving Capacity Beef Bulls During Average and Heavy Mating Loads at Pasture, Garth W. Boyd, Donald D. Lunstra, and Larry R. Corah

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Serum Concentrations of Luteinizing Hormone, Testosterone, and Thyroid Hormones in Low and High Serving Capacity Beef Bulls, Garth W. Boyd, Donald D. Lunstra, Bruce D. Schanbacher, and Larry R. Corah

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A Voice-Input and Knowledge-Based Expert System for Grading Carcass Beef, Yud-Ren Chen

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Microbial Decontamination and Weight of Carcass Beef as Affected by Automated Washing Pressure and Length of Time of Spray, John D. Crouse, Maynard E. Anderson, and H. Donald Naumann

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The Effects of Rate of Change in Body Weight on Tissue Development and Meat Quality of Youthful Bulls, John D. Crouse, Chris R. Calkins, and Steven C. Seideman

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Yield Grades and Cutability of Carcass Beef With and Without Kidney and Pelvic Fat, John D. Crouse, Robert M. Koch, and Michael E. Dikeman

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Growth and Carcass Traits of Heifers as Affected by Hormonal Treatment, John D. Crouse, Bruce D. Schanbacher, H. Russell Cross, Steven C. Seideman, and Stephen B. Smith

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Germ Plasm Evaluation in Cattle, Larry D. Cundiff, Robert M. Koch, and Keith E. Gregory

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Inheritance of Vertical Fiber Hide Defect, Larry V. Cundiff, Matthew P. Dahms, Mary V. Hannigan, Alfred L. Everett, and Peter E. Buechler

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Breeding for Lean Beef (Germ Plasm Evaluation Program), Larry V. Cundiff, Michael E. Dikeman, R. M. Koch, John D. Crouse, and Keith E. Gregory

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Twinning and Efficiency of Beef Production, Gordon E. Dickerson, Pedro Guerra-Martinez, Gary Anderson, and Ronnie D. Green

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Fetal Development in Cows With Multiple Fetuses, Sherrill E. Echternkamp

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A Simple Method for Freezing Bovine Embryos, Sherrill E. Echternkamp and Donald Elliott

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More Lean, Less Fat With Clenbuterol, Joan H. Eisemann, Gerald B. Huntington, and Calvin L. Ferrell

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Influence of Biological Types on Energy Requirements, Calvin L. Ferrell and Thomas G. Jenkins

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Effect of Season and Relocation on Reproductive Competence in Brahman and Hereford Bulls, Robert W. Godfrey, Ronald D. Randel, Charles R. Long, Donald D. Lunstra, Thomas G. Jenkins, and James Berardinelli

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Germ Plasm Utilization in Beef Cattle, Keith E. Gregory, Larry V. Cundiff, and Robert M. Koch

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Individual Heterosis Effects on Mature Size and Maternal Heterosis Effects on Preweaing Traits and Postweaning Growth and Carcass Traits, Keith E. Gregory, Delwyn D. Dearborn, Larry V. Cundiff, and Robert M. Koch

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Heterosis, Breed Maternal, and Breed Direct Effects in Red Poll and Hereford Cattle, Keith E. Gregory, Delwyn D. Dearborn, Donald D. Lunstra, Larry V. Cundiff, and Robert M. Koch

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Twinning in Cattle, Keith E. Gregory, Sherrill E. Echternkamp, Gordon E. Dickerson, Larry V. Cundiff, and Robert M. Koch

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Relationship of Visceral Components of Mature Cows as Related to Lactation Potential and Possible Effects on Productivity, Thomas G. Jenkins, Calvin L. Ferrell, and Larry V. Cundiff

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Influence of Genotype and Maternal Environment on Growth Hormone and Prolactin Secretion in Cattle, John Klindt and Ralph R. Maurer

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Bison, Hereford, and Brahman Growth and Carcass Characteristics, Robert M. Koch, John D. Crouse, and Steven C. Seideman

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Effect of Subcutaneous Fat Removal on Beef Tenderness, Mohammad Koohmaraie, Steven C. Seideman, and John D. Crouse

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Factors Associated with Tenderness of Three Beef Muscles, Mohammad Koohmaraie, Steven C. Seideman, and John D. Crouse

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Beef Facilities and Management at U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Margaret S. McAlhany, W. Gordon Hays, and Gary S. Ross

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Beef Ribeye Muscle Glycogen and Color Response as Affected by Dietary Regimen and Postmortem Electrical Stimulation in Young Bulls, Mark R. Miller, H. Russell Cross, Marietta J. Buyck, and John D. Crouse

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Endocrine Parameters, Hormone Receptors, and Functions of the Testicular Interstitium and Seminiferous Epithelium in Estradiol-Immunized Ile-de-France Rams, C. Monet-Kuntz, M. T. Hochereau-de Reviers, C. Pisselet, C. Perreau, I. Fontaine, and B. D. Schanbacher

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Inheritance of Active and Passive Immunity in Beef Calves, Noelle E. Muggli, Bill D. Hohenboken, Larry V. Cundiff, and Don E. Mattson

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Investigation of the Major Histocompatibility Complex in Cattle and Its Association with Economically Important Traits, Noelle E. Muggli, Michael J. Stear, and Roger T. Stone

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Relationship of Growth Hormone, Prolactin, and Thyrotropin Secretion to Individual and Progeny Performance of Hereford Bulls, Danny L. Ohlson, Robert M. Koch, John Klindt, and Steven L. Davis

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Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Overview, Robert R. Oltjen

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Zinc and Protein Levels in Finishing Diets of Medium-and Large-Frame Steers, Wilson G. Pond and Robert R. Oldjen

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Nutritional Value of Anaerobically Fermented Beef Cattle Wastes as a Feed Ingredient for Livestock, Ronald L. Prior, Andrew G. Hashimoto, and John D. Crouse

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Anabolic Steroids and Implants in Feedlot Steers, Bruce B. Schanbacher and John Brethour

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Demasculinization of Beef Bulls by LH Immunization, Bruce D. Schanbacher

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The Effect of Sex and Age on the Textural Properties and Mineral Content of Beef Steaks, Steven C. Seideman, H. Russell Cross, and John D. Crouse

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Use of Mechanical Tenderization to Increase the Tenderness of Bull Beef, Steven C. Seideman, H. Russell Cross, and John D. Crouse

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Current Concepts for Understanding Ovarian Follicular Growth and Function in Cattle, Leon J. Spicer and Sherrill E. Echternkamp

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Follicle and Oocyte Relationships During Superovulation in the Heifer, Thomas H. Wise and Ralph R. Maurer

1987

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Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone and Testicular Leydig Cell Responses to Estradiol Immunization in Ile-de-France Rams, B. D. Schanbacher, J. Pelletier, and M. T. Hochereau-de Reviers

1986

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Development of the Relative Economic Weights for Linear and Quadratic Bioeconomic Objectives in Commercial Broilers, M. K. Akbar, D. L. Harris, and C. R. Arboleda

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Regulation of Gonadotropin Secretion in the Male: Effect of an Aromatization Inhibitor in Estradiol-implanted, Orchidectomized Dogs, C. Awoniyi, T. Hasson, V. Chandrashekar, R. E. Falvo, and B. D. Schanbacher

1985

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Beef Research Program Progress Report No. 2 (1985): Table of Contents

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Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Overview

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Nutrient Absorption by Lambs and Beef Cattle Fed High Forage or High Concentrate Diets, Robert A. Britton, Gerald B. Huntington, and Ronald L. Prior

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Use of Electrical Stimulation for Hot Boning of Meat, H. R. Cross and S. C. Seideman

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Sex, Age, and Breed Related Changes in Bovine Testosterone and Intramuscular Collagen, H. Russell Cross, Bruce D. Schanbacher, and John D. Crouse

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Effects of Sex Condition, Diet, and Electrical Stimulation on the Collagen and Palatability of Two Muscles, John D. Crouse, H. Russell Cross, and Steven C. Seideman

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Effects of Sex Condition and Diet on Growth and Carcass Characteristics, John D. Crouse, Calvin L. Ferrell, and Larry V. Cundiff

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The Effects of Carcass Electrical Stimulation and Cooler Temperature on the Quality and Palatability of Bull and Steer Beef, John D. Crouse, Steven C. Sideman, and H. Russell Cross

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Effects of Dietary Stress on Dark-Cutting Beef, John D. Crouse and Stephen B. Smith

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Feed Requirements for Maintenance and Lactation of F1 Cows Representing Diverse Biological Types, Larry D. Cundiff, Calvin L. Ferrell, and Thomas G. Jenkins

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Characterization of Breeds Representing Diverse Biological Types: Reproduction and Maternal Performance of F1 Cows, Larry V. Cundiff, Keith E. Gregory, and Robert M. Koch

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Effects of Heterosis on Lifetime Production in Beef Cows, Larry V. Cundiff, Rafael Nunez-Dominquez, Gordon E. Dickerson, Keith E. Gregory, and Robert M. Koch

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Twinning in Cattle, Sherrill E. Echternkamp, Keith E. Gregory, W. Gordon Hays, Larry V. Cundiff, and Robert M. Koch

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Energy Utilization by Hereford and Simmental Males and Females, Calvin L. Ferrell and Thomas G. Jenkins

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Mineral Accretion During Prenatal Growth of Cattle, Calvin L. Ferrell, Dan B. Laster, and Ronald L. Prior

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Oxidative Metabolism of Gravid Uterine Tissues of the Cow, Calvin L. Ferrell and Lawrence P. Reynolds

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Maternal Effects in Four Diverse Breeds of Cattle, Keith E. Gregory, Larry V. Cundiff, and Robert M. Koch

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Germ Plasm Utilization in Beef Cattle, Keith E. Gregory, Larry V. Cundiff, Robert M. Koch, Donald D. Lunstra, and W. Gordon Hays

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Effects of Late Castration and Zeranol on Growth Rate, Feed Efficiency, and Carcass and Meat Traits of Bovine Males, Keith E. Gregory, J. Joe Ford, Steven C. Seideman, and W. Gordon Hays

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Weather and Climate Impacts on Beef Cattle, G. LeRoy Hahn

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Methane From Beef Cattle Manure and Straw Mixtures, Andrew G. Hashimoto and Steven A. Robinson

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Energy Requirements for Maintenance of Beef Cattle Differing in Genetic Potential for Mature Size and Milk Production, Thomas G. Jenkins and Calvin L. Ferrell

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Animal and Forage Response to Short-Duration Rotational Grazing, Hans-Joachim G. Jung, Richard W. Rice, and Ling-Jung Koong

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Length of Feeding Interval Influences Accuracy of Selection for Growth, Robert M. Koch, Larry V. Cundiff, and Keith E. Gregory

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Heterosis Retention in Advanced Generation Angus-Hereford Crosses, Robert M. Koch, Gordon E. Dickerson, Larry V. Cundiff, and Keith E. Gregory

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Genetic Relationships Among Carcass Traits and Their Implications in Selection Programs, Robert M. Koch, Keith E. Gregory, and Larry V. Cundiff

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Effect of Single-Sire and Multiple-Sire Natural Mating on Pregnancy Rate of Beef Cattle, Donald D. Lunstra

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Heritability Estimates and Adjustment Factors for Yearling Testicular Size in Different Breeds of Beef Bulls, Donald D. Lunstra, Keith E. Gregory, and Larry V. Cundiff

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Increasing Pregnancy Rate in Beef Cattle by Clitoral Massage During Artificial Insemination, Donald D. Lunstra, W. Gordon Hays, Robert A. Bellows, and Dan B. Laster

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Genetic Correlations of Reproductive and Maternal Traits with Growth and Carcass Traits in Beef Cattle, Michael D. MacNeil, Larry V. Cundiff, C. A. Dinkel, and Robert M. Koch

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Embryo Transfer in Beef Cattle Research, Ralph R. Maurer and Acacia A. Alcivar

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Causes and Influences of Repeat Breeding in Beef Cattle, Ralph R. Maurer and Sherrill E. Echternkamp

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Cattle Management at U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Margaret S. McAlhany, W. Gordon Hays, and William G. Kvasnicka

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Effects of Heterosis on Longevity in Beef Cattle, Rafael Nunez-Dominquez, Larry V. Cundiff, Gordon E. Dickerson, Keith E. Gregory, and Robert M. Koch

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Effects of Managing Heifers to Calve First at Two vs Three Years of Age on Longevity and Lifetime Production of Beef Cows, Rafael Nunez-Dominquez, Larry V. Cundiff, Gordon E. Dickerson, Keith E. Gregory, and Robert M. Koch

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Effects of Chronic Environmental Heat Stress on Blood Flow and Nutrient Uptake by the Uterus and Fetus of the Pregnant Cow, Lawrence P. Reynolds, Calvin L. Ferrell, John A. Nienaber, and Stephen P. Ford

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Muscle Fiber Studies Comparing Bos Indicus and Bos Taurus Cattle, Steven C. Seideman

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Variation in Sensory Properties of Meat as Affected by Sex Condition, Muscle, and Postmortem Aging, Steven C. Seideman and John D. Crouse

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Contributions of Acetate, Lactate, and Glucose to the Accumulation of Fat in Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Tissues of Beef Cattle, Stephen B. Smith and John D. Crouse

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Breeding Cattle for Genetic Resistance to Disease, Roger T. Stone and Larry V. Cundiff

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Target Tissue Effects of Active Immunization of Heifers Against Steroids, Thomas H. Wise, Calvin L. Ferrell, and Bruce D. Schanbacher

1984

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Germ Plasm EvaluationProgram- Progress Report No. 11, Larry V. Cundiff, Keith E. Gregory, Robert M. Koch, and Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center

1983

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Animal Model of Isolated Gonadotropin Deficiency: Morphologic Responses to LHRH Immunoneutralization, Hugh F. English, Bruce D. Schanbacher, Douglass Gross, Michael F. Walker, Richard E. Falvo, and Richard J. Santen