ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE VARIABLES AS FACTORS INFLUENCING LIBRARIANS’ TURNOVER INTENTIONS IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH AND SOUTH-EAST OF NIGERIA

Authors

Saturday U. Omeluzor, Clifford University, Owerrinta, Abia State, NigeriaFollow

Document Type

Article

Citation

Adedapo, I. (2016, January 13). Staff appraisal not for punishment. The Punch Newspaper, p. 30.

Adeyoyin, S. O. (2006). Managing the Library's corporate culture for organizational efficiency, productivity, and enhanced service. Library Philosophy and Practice, 8 (2).

Aina, L. O. (2007). Appropriate curriculum for library and information science schools in Nigeria: The role of the Nigerian Library Association. In: Nigerian Libraries for the Future: Progress, Development and Partnerships. Proceedings of the 45^th National Conference of Nigerian Library Association. Uyo, 2-13.

Allaire, Y. & Firsirotu, M. E. (1984). Theories of organizational culture. Retrieved from http://organisationsethnologie.de/index_htm_files/Allaire_1984.pdf

Aluko, Y. A. D. & Aluko, O. (2011). Human capital development: Nigeria’s greatest challenge. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 13 (7), 114-131.

Arnold, H. & Feldman, D. (1986). Organizational Behavior. McGraw Hill: USA.

Bamidele, I. A., Omeluzor, S. U. Imam, A. & Amadi, H. U. (2013). Training of library assistants in academic library: A study of Babcock University Library, Nigeria, SageOpen, 1-10. DOI: 10.1177/2158244013503964.

Bamigboye, O.B., Buraimo, O.K. & Ajani, F.A. (2008). Job satisfaction and performance of academic librarians in Nigerian universities in Southwest Nigeria. The Information Technologist, 5 (2), 91-100.

Baskerville, R. & Dulipovici, A. (2006). The theoretical foundations of knowledge management. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 4, 83-105. DOI:10.1057/palgrave.kmrp.8500090

Bertsch, A. & Warner-Søderholm, G. (2013). Exploring societal culture values and human rights and development. Sage Open. DOI: 10.1177/2158244013502988

Business Dictionary (2015). Organizational culture. Retrieved from http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/organizational-culture.html

Chidambaranathan, K. & Regha, V. S. (2016). Diagnosing the organizational culture of higher education libraries in the United Arab Emirates using the competing values framework. Libries, 26 (2), 99-112. Retrieved from http://www.libres-ejournal.info/files/2017/05/LIBRESv26i2p99-112.ChidambaranathanSakthiRegha.2016-1zlti2e.pdf

Dwirantwi, E. A. (2012). Organizational culture and its effect on productivity: the case study of La Community Bank. A thesis submitted to the Institute of Distance Learning, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Commonwealth Executive Masters of Public Administration. Retrieved from http://dspace.knust.edu.gh:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/4818/1/Dwirantwi,%20Eric%20Addo.pdf

Flanagan, N. A. and Flanagan, T. J. (2002). An analysis of the relationship between job satisfaction and job stress in correctional nurses. Research in Nursing and Health, 25 (4), 282–294.

Galbo, G.M. & Laspiñas, M.L. (2015). The organizational culture of academic libraries. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, Arts and Sciences, 2 (2), 47-51. Retrieved from http://apjeas.apjmr.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/APJEAS-2015-2-125-Organizational-Culture-of-Academic-Libraries.pdf

Gazioğlu, Ş. & Tansel, A. (2002). Job satisfaction in Britain: Individual and job related factors. ERC working papers in Economics 03/03. Retrieved from http://www.erc.metu.edu.tr/menu/series03/0303.pdf

Hall, D. J. (2009). The impact of human capital bases education and training programs on an economically marginalized rural county in Appalachia. A dissertation submitted to the Department of Education Leadership and Policy Studies in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Retrieved from http://fsu.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/fsu%3A254322

Horenstein, B. (1993). Job satisfaction of academic librarians: An examination of the relationships between satisfaction, faculty status, and participation. College & Research Libraries, 54, 255-269.

Ikonne, C. N. & Onuoha, U. D. (2013). Factors influencing job satisfaction of librarians in Federal and State University Libraries in Southern Nigeria. Retrieved from http://www.oalib.com/articles/3137816?utm_source=P2P&utm_campaign=papersubmission&utm_medium=zhanglun#.VQasfJg5_IU

Ingham, J. (2006). Closing the talent management gap. Strategic Human Resources Review. Retrieved from http://www.malcrum.com

Kaarst-Brown, M. L., Nicholson, S., von Dran, G. M. & Stanton, J. M. (2004). Organizational cultures of libraries as a strategic resource. Library Trends, 53(1), 33-53.

Lim, S. (2008). Job satisfaction of information technology workers in academic libraries. Library & Information Science Research, 30, 115-121.

Maithili, V. and Navaneethakrishnan, S. (2014). Job satisfaction of teacher-librarians: A case study of the Jaffna District, Sri Lanka. Chinese Librarianship: an International Electronic Journal, 38. Retrieved from http://www.iclc.us/cliej/cl38MN.pdf

Martin, J. (2013). Organizational culture and organizational change: How shared values, rituals, and sagas can facilitate change in an academic library. Retrieved from http://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/conferences/confsandpreconfs/2013/papers/Martin_Org%20Culture.pdf

Mbah, S. E. & Ikemefuna, C. O. (2012). Job satisfaction and employees’ turnover intentions in Total Nigeria Plc. in Lagos State. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 2(4): 275-287.

McLaughlin, J. (2015). What is organizational culture? – definition and characteristics. Retrieved from: http://www.study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-organizational-culture-definition-characteristics.html

Microsoft Encarta (2009). Remuneration defined.

Nel, P.S., Van Dyk, P.S., Haasbroek, G.D., Schultz, H.B., Sono, T. & Werner, A. (2004). Human resources management: Instructor's manual. (6th Ed.), Cape Town, South Africa: Oxford University Press.

Ngobeni, E. K. & Bezuldenhout, A. (2011). Engaging employees for improved retention at a higher education institution in South Africa. African Journal of Business Management, 5 (23), 9961-9970.

Nyamubarwa, W. (2013). “I am considering leaving soon” – Turnover intentions of academic librarians in Zimbabwe. Journal of Business Administration and Education, 4 (1), 76-90.

O’Connor, E.J. & Fiol, M. C. (2004). Spinning a winning web: Attracting and retaining top performers. Phys. Exec., pp. 12-15.

Öcel, H., & Aydın,O. (2012).Workplace bullying and turnover intention: The moderating role of belief in a just world. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(13), 248-258.

Okon, H.I. (2005). Effective communication and smooth administration of academic libraries in the 21^st century: a new paradigm in Nigeria. Library Philosophy and Practice, 8.1.

Onifade, F. N. (2014). Knowledge sharing and organizational culture as factors affecting organizational effectiveness among Federal University Librarians in Nigeria. Being a Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Department of Library and Archival Studies, University of Ibadan, p.17.

Opeke, R. O. & Onuoha, U. D. (2013). Librarians’ use of social networks for professional development in Nigeria, PNLA Quarterly, 77(2).

Pattison, L. & Williamson, V. (1992). Organizational culture, structures and styles: the impact of new technologies. Retrieved from http://web.simmons.edu/~chen/nit/NIT'92/295-pat.htm

Pergamit, M. R., & Veum, J. R. (1999). What is a promotion? Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 581-601.

Peterson, D. K., Puia, G. M. & Suess, F.R. (2003). An exploration of job satisfaction and commitment among workers in Mexico, Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 10 ( 2), 73-88.

Popoola, S.O. (2011). Information management and organizational behaviour inventory, Department of Library, Archival and Information Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan.

Rick, T. (2015). What is organizational culture? Retrieved from http://www.torbenrick.eu/blog/culture/organizational-culture/

Rosemann, M. & J. vomBrocke (2010). The six core elements of business process management, in: J. vomBrocke, M. Rosemann (Eds.), Handbook on business process management introduction, methods and information systems. Berlin: Springer, 109–124.

Samina, Q. Farooq-E, A. C. & Nadeem A. S. (2012). Exploring factors affecting employees job satisfaction at work, Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 8 (1), 31-39.

Sanjeevkumar, V. (2012). A study on employee’s intention to stay in public companies, Kedah, Malaysia. Zenith International Journal of Business Economics & Management Research. 2 (4), 91-101.

Sannwald, W. (2000). Understanding organizational culture. Library Administration and Management, 14 (1), 8-14.

Schmiedel, T., Brocke, J. vom, & Recker, J. (2014). Development and validation of an instrument to measure organizational cultures’ support of Business Process Management. Information & Management, 51, 43–56.

Sclafane, S. (1999). MGA managers in sync with employees on job satisfaction issues, survey finds, National Underwriter, 103 (22), 4-24.

Shepstone, C. & Currie, L. (2008). Perspectives on transforming the academic library: Creating an organizational culture that fosters staff success. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 34 (4), 358-368. Retrieved from http://www.library.illinois.edu/administration/strategicplanning/unretreatwp/culture_additionalwp.pdf

Waldman, J.D., Kelly, F., Arora, S. & Smith, H.L. (2004). The shocking cost of turnover in health care. Health Care Manage Review, 29 (1), 2-7. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14992479

Watkins, M. (2013). What is organizational culture? And why should be care? Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2013/05/what-is-organizational-culture

West, R. & Turner, L. H. (2004). Organizational culture theory: Introducing communication theory: analysis and application 2^nd ed. Retrieved from http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0767430344/student_view0/chapter16/index.html

Abstract

The study investigates organizational culture variables as factors influencing librarians’ turnover intentions in university libraries in South-South and South-East of Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Total enumeration method was used since the population comprising 400 academic librarians in the two geopolitical zones were considered appropriate for the study. A test-retest of the measuring instrument was done using Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient and face validity. The result of the reliability test was 0.85 at 0.05 level of confidence. From the total copies of questionnaire that were administered and retrieved, 334 were found usable given a return rate of 83.5%. Results were analysed using percentage, mean and standard deviation. The result revealed that imbibing positive organizational culture in the university libraries in the areas of training, promotion, payment of salaries and rewarding deserving librarians have the potential of reducing turnover intentions. This study further showed a relationship between organizational culture and turnover intentions of librarians in university libraries in South-South and South-East of Nigeria (R = 0.-344, p < 0.05), which means that the higher the level of organizational culture, the lower the level of turnover intentions of academic librarians in South-South and South-East of Nigeria. The study concludes that turnover intention of librarians is a trend that needs some determining effort and measure to curb it. Since employees’ engagement level is likely to be affected by unfavourable organizational culture, their welfare should be paramount. Libraries should formulate policies and culture that are inclusive of training, promotion, payment of salaries and rewarding of librarians to reduce turnover intentions.