Perspective: Ferromagnetic liquids

Authors

Robert Streubel, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryFollow
Xubo Liu, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryFollow
Xuefei Wu, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryFollow
Thomas P. Russell, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryFollow

Date of this Version

6-1-2020

Document Type

Article

Citation

Materials 2020, 13, 2712;

doi:10.3390/ma13122712

Comments

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license

Abstract

Mechanical jamming of nanoparticles at liquid-liquid interfaces has evolved into a versatile approach to structure liquids with solid-state properties. Ferromagnetic liquids obtain their physical and magnetic properties, including a remanent magnetization that distinguishes them from ferrofluids, from the jamming of magnetic nanoparticles assembled at the interface between two distinct liquids to minimize surface tension. This perspective provides an overview of recent progress and discusses future directions, challenges and potential applications of jamming magnetic nanoparticles with regard to 3D nano-magnetism. We address the formation and characterization of curved magnetic geometries, and spin frustration between dipole-coupled nanostructures, and advance our understanding of particle jamming at liquid-liquid interfaces.