Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln

 

ORCID IDs

Nicholson https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1111-1828

Mordaunt https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5395-4252

Lopez https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-9441

Uppala https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8748-1465

Rosati https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2666-7615

Rodrigues https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6950-2135

Grabitz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5658-2482

Rife https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6748-0841

Document Type

Article

Date of this Version

2021

Citation

Quantitative Science Studies (2021) 2(3): 882–898

doi: 10.1162/qss_a_00146

Peer Review: https://publons.com/publon/10.1162 /qss_a_00146

Handling Editor: Ludo Waltman

Comments

Copyright 2021, the authors. Open access material

License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Abstract

Citation indices are tools used by the academic community for research and research evaluation that aggregate scientific literature output and measure impact by collating citation counts. Citation indices help measure the interconnections between scientific papers but fall short because they fail to communicate contextual information about a citation. The use of citations in research evaluation without consideration of context can be problematic because a citation that presents contrasting evidence to a paper is treated the same as a citation that presents supporting evidence. To solve this problem, we have used machine learning, traditional document ingestion methods, and a network of researchers to develop a “smart citation index” called scite, which categorizes citations based on context. Scite shows how a citation was used by displaying the surrounding textual context from the citing paper and a classification from our deep learning model that indicates whether the statement provides supporting or contrasting evidence for a referenced work, or simply mentions it. Scite has been developed by analyzing over 25 million full-text scientific articles and currently has a database of more than 880 million classified citation statements. Here we describe how scite works and how it can be used to further research and research evaluation.

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