U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska
Document Type
Article
Date of this Version
3-2017
Citation
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BEAN IMPROVEMENT COOPERATIVE, No. 60, March 2017. Published by USDA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beans in grain (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are important for food due to its nutritional and medicinal properties. Thus, research that generates strategies to increase the yield is justified. Nitrogen fertilization has been determinant in increasing the yield of this legume (Escalante et al., 2015a). The farmers usually fertilizes with the nitrogen source available on the market, whether ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, urea, etc. However, the results may be different depending on the source of nitrogen applied as reported Binoti et al. (2009). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the nitrogen source on the biomass, yield and its components in beans.
MATERIALS AND METHODS The planting of the dry bean cultivar "Michoacán 12-A-3" of black grain and indeterminate habit, was on 10 june 2014 in Montecillo, Texcoco, State of Mexico, México (19°29'N and 98°53'O and 2250 meters of altitude) of temperate climate (Cw, García 2004), under field conditions and rainfall in a clay loam, with 24 NO3 me L-1 and pH of 7.6. The treatments consisted in the application of 100 kg de N ha-1, as source: ammonium sulphate (AS, 20.5 % de N y 24% de S); ammonium nitrate (AN, 35% N) and ammonium sulphate (50%) + ammonium nitrate (50%),(AS+AN). The sowing row distance was 0.80 m and between plants 0.30 m. The population density was 4.16 plants m -2. The total biomass (TB, dry matter), grain yield (YG, grain weight), number of pods with grain (PN) and the number of racemes (RN) and the harvest index (HI) it was recorded. An analysis of variance and the Tukey multiple comparison test, were applied to the variables in study. Also the occurrence of days to phenological phases (with the criteria presented in Escalante and Kohashi, 2015b), the seasonal mean of the maximum and minimum temperature, the rainfall and the evaporation of the tank type A.
Comments
U.S. government work.