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Abstract

I. Introduction

II. Threshold Requirements of Section 43(a) … A. Procedural Requirements … B. Substantive Requirements

III. Analysis … A. False Designation of Origin … 1. Trademark Violations … 2. Packaging and Trade Dress … 3. Service Marks and Certification Marks … 4. False Authorization or Approval … 5. The Moral Rights Cases … 6. Product Copying … B. False Advertising … 1. Use of Plaintiff’s Work and Effort … a. Photographs … b. Catalogs or Brochures … c. Samples … d. Entire Business Method … 2. Claims Concerning the Attributes of Defendant’s Product … a. False Representation of Product … b. Misleading Representatives … c. Misrepresentations in Comparative Advertising … d. Activities Held Not to Violate Section 43(a)

IV. Conclusion

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