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Abstract

I. Introduction

II. Toward a New Ethic in the Law of Property ... A. The Comprehensive Approach ... B. A Sociobiological Connection? ... C. Economic Liberties under Siege: The Need for Ordered Liberty … D. Formulating a New or Revitalized Economic Ethic of Property

III. The Origins of Balancing ... A. The Aristotelian Mean: The Classical Balancing ... B. Biblical Beginnings ... 1. The Golden Rule ... a. Rawls and a Principle of Intergenerational Justice ... C. Early Christian Fathers and Economics ... 1. Satisfying Economic Needs ... D. The Formative Influences of Lord Coke, Holmes, Pound, and Posner

IV. Early English History: Formulating Precedent ... A. Sic Utere as a Guiding, Fundamental Principle: An Initial Statement ... 1. Characterizing Protected Interest Categories: Easements and Natural Incidents of Ownership … B. William Aldred's Case (1611): The Beginning ... C. St. Helen's Smelting Co. v. Tipping (1865): Birthing the Balance of Utilities Doctrine, or The Case of Mistaken Identity

V. American Legal History, Sic Utere, Balancing, and a Theory of Historical Revisionism ... A. Historical Undercurrents ... 1. Balancing Hardships ... 2. Contemporary Practice ... B. Modern Dilemmas of Choice ... C. A New Historical Interpretation of Nuisance and Economic Jurisprudence ... 1. An Interrelatedness with Underpinnings of Waste, Public Trust, and Eminent Domain

VI. Modern Nuisance Law in Focus: Cause and Effect ... A. The Double Balancing of Sic Utere ... B. Trespass or Nuisance? ... C. High Transaction Costs of Nuisance ... D. Commonality of Factors in Balancing ... 1. The Developing Trend ... E. Permanent or Temporary Nuisances: Computing Damages ... F. Common Defenses ... G. A New Counter Defense—Economic Captive ... H. Comparative Nuisance: A Theory Before Its Time?

VII. Common Law v. Statutory Law as Constructs for Interpretation ... A. Rules as Standards

VIII. Theories of Judicial Decisionmaking ... A. Reaching a Reasonable Decision ... B. Wealth Maximization or Utilitarianism ... C. Efficiency and Ordered Liberty

IX. Contemporary Balancing Tests in Judicial Reasoning ... A. Modes of Balancing ... 1. Fact ... 2. Rule ... 3. Result ... B. Applications and Values in Usage

X. Economic Influences in Lawmaking ... A. Searching for the Average, Ordinary Reasonable Person ... B. Micro-Economics as an Interpretative Tool ... C. The Economists' Cost/Benefit Approach ... 1. Pareto Superiority ... 2. Pareto Optimality under Siege ... D. Economic Efficiency ... E. Efficiency v. Fairness: Reconcilable or Irreconcilable ... 1. The Rawlsian Concept ... a. Efficiency As a Social Problem ... F. Economic Efficiency and Pareto Efficiency ... 1. Advancing Total Utility ... 2. Maximizing Wealth ... G. The Demise of the Average, Ordinary Reasonable Person ... 1. The Consumer Federation of America Test Results ... 2. The National Literacy Act: A False Positive?

XI. Conclusions

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