U.S. Department of Agriculture: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The mission of USDA APHIS Wildlife Services (WS) is to provide federal leadership and expertise to resolve wildlife conflicts to allow people and wildlife to coexist. Wildlife Services conducts program delivery, research, and other activities through its regional and state offices, the National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC), its field stations, as well as through its national programs.

2021

Avian influenza A virus susceptibility, infection, transmission, and antibody kinetics in European starlings, Jeremy W. Ellis, J. Jeffrey Root, Loredana M. McCurdy, Kevin T. Bentler, Nicole L. Barrett, Kaci K. VanDalen, Katherine L. Dirsmith, and Susan A. Shriner

Evidence on the effectiveness of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) as a survey tool for North American terrestrial, vertebrate animals: a systematic map protocol, Jared A. Elmore, Michael F. Curran, Kristine O. Evans, Sathishkumar Samiappan, Meilun Zhou, Morgan B. Pfeiffer, Bradley F. Blackwell, and Raymond B. Iglay

Recolonizing carnivores: Is cougar predation behaviorally mediated by bears?, Kristin N. Engebretsen, Jon P. Beckmann, Carl W. Lackey, Alyson M. Andreasen, Cody Schroeder, Pat Jackson, and Julie K. Young

Principal economic effects of cormorant predation on catfish farms, Carole R. Engle, Terrel W. Christie, Brian S. Dorr, Ganesh Kumar, Luke A. Roy, and Anita M. Kelly

Economic effects of predation by scaup on baitfish and sportfish farms, Carole R. Engle, Stephen Clements, Brian S. Dorr, J. Brian Davis, Luke A. Roy, and Anita M. Kelly

Landscape Genetics of American Beaver in Coastal Oregon, Clinton W. Epps, Vanessa M. Petro, Tyler G. Creech, Rachel S. Crowhurst, Matthew J. Weldy, and Jimmy D. Taylor

Dietary flexibility of Wood Storks in response to human-induced rapid environmental change, Betsy A. Evans, Jessica A. Klassen, and Dale E. Gawlik

Movement, space-use and resource preferences of European golden jackals in human-dominated landscapes: insights from a telemetry study, Skye Fenton, Paul R. Moorcroft, Duško Ćirović, József Lanszki, Miklós Heltai, Francesca Cagnacci, Stewart Breck, Neda Bogdanović, Ilija Pantelić, Kornél Ács, and Nathan Ranc

Economic Estimates of Wild Hog (Sus scrofa) Damage and Control Among Young Forest Plantations in Alabama, Micah Fern, Rebecca Barlow, Chris Slootmaker, John Kush, Stephanie Shwiff, Larry Teeter, and Jim Armstrong

Range-wide declines of northern spotted owl populations in the Pacific Northwest: A meta-analysis, Alan B. Franklin, Katie M. Dugger, Damon B. Lesmeister, Raymond J. Davis, J. David Wiens, Gary C. White, James D. Nichols, James E. Hines, Charles B. Yackulic, Carl J. Schwarz, Steven H. Ackers, L. Steven Andrews, Larissa L. Bailey, Robin Bown, Jesse Burgher, Kenneth P. Burnham, Peter C. Carlson, Tara Chestnut, Mary M. Conner, Krista E. Dilione, Eric D. Forsman, Elizabeth M. Glenn, Scott A. Gremel, Keith A. Hamm, Dale R. Herter, J. Mark Higley, Rob B. Horn, Julianna M. Jenkins, William L. Kendall, David W. Lamphear, Christopher McCafferty, Trent L. McDonald, Janice A. Reid, Jeremy T. Rockweit, David C. Simon, Stan G. Sovern, James K. Swingle, and Heather Wise

Avian Influenza A Viruses Reassort and Diversify Differently in Mallards and Mammals, Ketaki Ganti, Anish Bagga, Juliana DaSilva, Samuel S. Shepard, John R. Barnes, Susan A. Shriner, Katia Koelle, and Anice C. Lowen

Avian Influenza A Viruses Reassort and Diversify Differently in Mallards and Mammals, Ketaki Ganti, Anish Bagga, Juliana DaSilva, Samuel S. Shepard, John R. Barnes, Susan A. Shriner, Katia Koelle, and Anice C. Lowen

Adaptation of an artificial bait to an automated aerial delivery system for landscape-scale brown treesnake suppression, Rafael A. Garcia, Thomas W. McAuliffe, Lorelie P. Bumanlag, Shane R. Siers, and Bruce A. Kimball

Space use in free-ranging canids: Are gonadal hormones required for territory maintenance?, Eric M. Gese and Patricia A. Terletzky

Brown Treesnake Mortality After Aerial Application of Toxic Baits, Scott M. Goetz, Eric T. Hileman, Melia G. Nafus, Amy A. Yackel Adams, Amanda R. Bryant, Robert N. Reed, and Shane R. Siers

Biodetection of a specific odor signature in mallard feces associated with infection by low pathogenic avian influenza A virus, Glen J. Golden, Meredith Jj. Grady, Hailey E. McLean, Susan A. Shriner, Airn E. Hartwig, Richard A. Bowen, and Bruce A. Kimball

Embracing Dynamic Models for Gene Drive Management, Andrew J. Golnar, Emily W. Ruell, Alun L. Lloyd, and Kim M. Pepin

Continental-scale dynamics of avian influenza in U.S. waterfowl are driven by demography, migration, and temperature, Erin E. Gorsich, Colleen T. Webb, Andrew A. Merton, Jennifer A. Hoeting, Ryan S. Miller, Matthew Farnsworth, Seth R. Swafford, Thomas J. DeLiberto, Kerri Pedersen, Alan B. Franklin, Robert G. McLean, Kenneth R. Wilson, and Paul Doherty

Testing a Bite-Shortened Hook to Minimize Fish Handling in a Recreational Fishery, Holden E. Harris, Brian K. Whalen, Andrew G. Gude, and Michael S. Allen

Dispersal and Land Cover Contribute to Pseudorabies Virus Exposure in Invasive Wild Pigs, Felipe A. Hernandez, Amanda N. Carr, Michael P. Milleson, Hunter R. Merrill, Michael L. Avery, Brandon M. Parker, Cortney L. Pylant, James D. Austin, and Samantha M. Wisely

Satellite-detected ammonia changes in the United States: Natural or anthropogenic impacts, Yaqian He, Rongting Xu, Stephen A. Prior, Di Yang, Anni Yang, and Jian Chen

Landscape transformations produce favorable roosting conditions for turkey vultures and black vultures, Jacob E. Hill, Kenneth F. Kellner, Bryan M. Kluever, Michael L. Avery, John S. Humphrey, Eric A. Tillman, Travis L. DeVault, and Jerrold L. Belant

Environmental correlates of genetic variation in the invasive European starling in North America, Natalie R. Hofmeister, Scott J. Werner, and Irby J. Lovette

Population genomic transformations induced by isolation of wild bird avian influenza viruses (Orthomyxoviridae) in embryonated chicken eggs, Matthew W. Hopken, Antoinette J. Piaggio, K. L. Pabilonia, James Pierce, Theodore Anderson, Courtney Pierce, and Zaid Abdo

Temporal and Spatial Blood Feeding Patterns of Urban Mosquitoes in the San Juan Metropolitan Area, Puerto Rico, Matthew W. Hopken, Limarie J. Reyes-Torres, Nicole Scavo, Antoinette J. Piaggio, Zaid Abdo, Daniel Taylor, James Pierce, and Donald A. Yee

Peptide ELISA and FRET-qPCR Identified a Significantly Higher Prevalence of Chlamydia suis in Domestic Pigs Than in Feral Swine from the State of Alabama, USA, Md Monirul Hoque, Folasade Adekanmbi, Subarna Barua, Kh. Shamsur Rahman, Virginia Aida, Brian Anderson, Anil Poudel, Anwar Kalalah, Sara Bolds, Steven Madere, Steven Kitchens, Stuart Price, Vienna Brown, B. Graeme Lockaby, Constantinos S. Kyriakis, Bernhard Kaltenboeck, and Chengming Wang

An opportunistic survey reveals an unexpected coronavirus diversity hotspot in North America, Hon S. Ip, Kathryn M. Griffin, Jeffrey D. Messer, Megan E. Winzeler, Susan A. Shriner, Mary Lea Killian, Mia Kim Torchetti, Thomas J. DeLiberto, Brian R. Amman, Caitlin M. Cossaboom, R. Reid Harvey, Natalie M. Wendling, Hannah Rettler, Dean Taylor, Jonathan S. Towner, Casey Barton Behravesh, and David S. Blehert

Cytoarchitectural characteristics associated with cognitive flexibility in raccoons, Joanna Jacob, Molly Kent, Sarah Benson-Amram, Suzana Herculano-Houzel, Mary Ann Raghanti, Emily Ploppert, Jack Drake, Bilal Hindi, Nick R. Natale, Sarah Daniels, Rachel Fanelli, Anderson Miller, Tim Landis, Amy Gilbert, Shylo Johnson, Annie Lai, Molly Hyer, Amanda Rzucidlo, Chris Anchor, Stan Gehrt, and Kelly Lambert

Social identity and acceptability of wild pig (Sus scrofa) control actions: A case study of Texas hunters, Lauren Jaebker, Tara L. Teel, Alan D. Bright, Hailey E. McLean, John M. Tomeček, Maureen G. Frank, Rachael L. Connally, Stephanie A. Shwiff, and Keith M. Carlisle

Serological Responses of Raccoons and Striped Skunks to Ontario Rabies Vaccine Bait in West Virginia during 2012–2016, Shylo R. Johnson, Dennis Slate, Kathleen M. Nelson, Amy J. Davis, Samual A. Mills, John T. Forbes, Kurt VerCauteren, Amy T. Gilbert, and Richard B. Chipman

Inefficiency of anthraquinone-based avian repellents when applied to sunflower: the importance of crop vegetative and floral characteristics in field applications, Brandon Kaiser, Burton L. Johnson, Mike Ostlie, Scott J. Werner, and Page E. Klug

Relative acceptance of brodifacoum pellets and soft bait sachets by Polynesian rats (Rattus exulans) on Wake Atoll, Peter J. Kappes and Shane R. Siers

Wildlife responses to livestock guard dogs and domestic sheep on open range, Daniel Kinka, Jeffrey T. Schultz, and Julie K. Young

Diets of double-crested cormorants in the Lake Winnebago System, Wisconsin, Ryan P. Koenigs, Daniel J. Dembkowski, Charles D. Lovell, Daniel A. Isermann, and Adam D. Nickel

Landscape of stress: Tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore, Jennifer R. Kordosky, Eric M. Gese, Craig M. Thompson, Patricia A. Terletzky, Lorin A. Neuman-Lee, Jon D. Schneiderman, Kathryn L. Purcell, and Susannah S. French

Landscape use by fishers (Pekania pennanti): core areas differ in habitat than the entire home range, Jennifer R. Kordosky, Eric M. Gese, Craig M. Thompson, Patricia A. Terletzky, Kathryn L. Purcell, and Jon D. Schneiderman

Modelling the factors affecting the probability for local rabies elimination by strategic control, Johann L. Kotzé, John Duncan Grewar, and Aaron M. Anderson

Economic Losses of Catfish to Avian Predation: A Case Report, Ganesh Kumar, Shraddha Hegde, David Wise, Charles Mischke, and Brian Dorr

Improved Strategies for Handling Entire Sounders of Wild Pigs, Michael Lavelle, Nathan P. Snow, Christine K. Ellis, Joe M. Halseth, Justin W. Fischer, Michael P. Glow, Eric H. VanNatta, Bethany A. Friesenhahn, and Kurt C. Vercauteren

Surgical sterilization impacts on behavior of coyote pairs, Tyler Leary, Jeffrey T. Schultz, and Julie K. Young

H7N1 Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses in Poultry in the United States During 2018, Dong-Hun Lee, Mary Lea Killian, Thomas J. DeLiberto, Xiu-Feng Wan, Li Lei, David E. Swayne, and Mia Kim Torchetti

Impact of COVID-19 on the US and Texas Economy: A General Equilibrium Approach, Lirong Liu, Steven S. Shwiff, Stephanie A. Shwiff, and Maryfrances Miller

Welfare Performance of Three Foothold Traps for Capturing North American River Otters Lontra canadensis, Matthew J. Lovallo, H. B. White, J. D. Erb, M. S. Peek, and Thomas J. DeLiberto

Potential Use for Serosurveillance of Feral Swine to Map Risk for Anthrax Exposure, Texas, USA, Rachel M. Maison, Courtney F. Pierce, Izabela K. Ragan, Vienna R. Brown, Michael J. Bodenchuk, Richard A. Bowen, and Angela M. Bosco-Lauth

Rooting Out Genetic Structure of Invasive Wild Pigs in Texas, Anna M. Mangan, Antoinette J. Piaggio, Michael J. Bodenchuk, Courtney F. Pierce, and Timothy J. Smyser

Using object-based image analysis to detect laughing gull nests, Benjamin F. Martini and Douglas A. Miller

Distilling Professional Opinion to Gauge Vulnerability of Guam Avifauna to Brown Treesnake Predation, Robert M. McElderry, Eben H. Paxton, Andre V. Nguyen, and Shane R. Siers

Estimation of wildlife damage from federal crop insurance data, Sophie McKee, Stephanie A. Shwiff, and Aaron M. Anderson

Social media as a window into human-wildlife interactions and zoonotic disease risk: an examination of wild pig hunting videos on YouTube, Hailey E. McLean, Lauren M. Jaebker, Aaron M. Anderson, Tara L. Teel, Alan D. Bright, Stephanie A. Shwiff, and Keith M. Carlisle

Understanding tolerance for an invasive species: An investigation of hunter acceptance capacity for wild pigs (Sus scrofa) in Texas, Hailey E. McLean, Tara L. Teel, Alan Bright, Lauren M. Jaebker, John M. Tomecek, Maureen G. Frank, Rachael L. Connally, Stephanie A. Shwiff, and Keith M. Carlisle

Differing Alterations of Odor Volatiles among Pathogenic Stimuli, Patrick Millet, Talia Martin, Maryanne Opiekun, Gary K. Beauchamp, and Bruce A. Kimball

Strategic considerations for invasive species managers in the utilization of environmental DNA (eDNA): Steps for incorporating this powerful surveillance tool, Jeffrey Morisette, Stanley Burgiel, Kelsey Brantley, Wesley M. Daniel, John Darling, Jeanette Davis, Thomas Franklin, Keith Gaddis, Margaret Hunter, Richard Lance, Tracy Leskey, Yale Passamaneck, Antoinette Piaggio, Brian Rector, Adam Sepulveda, Melissa Smith, Carol A. Stepien, and Taylor Wilcox

Threading the needle: How humans influence predator–prey spatiotemporal interactions in a multiple-predator system, Asia Murphy, Duane R. Diefenbach, Mark Ternent, Matt Lovallo, and David Miller

Great Expectations: Deconstructing the Process Pathways Underlying Beaver-Related Restoration, Caroline S. Nash, Gordon E. Grant, Susan Charnley, Jason B. Dunham, Hannah Gosnell, Mark B. Hausner, David S. Pilliod, and Jimmy Taylor

Powassan Virus Experimental Infections in Three Wild Mammal Species, Nicole M. Nemeth, J. Jeffrey Root, Airn E. Hartwig, Richard A. Bowen, and Angela M. Bosco-Lauth

Strategic testing approaches for targeted disease monitoring can be used to inform pandemic decision-making, James D. Nichols, Tiffany L. Bogich, Emily Howerton, Ottar N. Bjørnstad, Rebecca K. Borchering, Matthew Ferrari, Murali Haran, Christopher Jewell, Kim M. Pepin, William J.M. Probert, Juliet R.C. Pulliam, Michael C. Runge, Michael Tildesley, Cecile Viboud, and Katriona Shea

Detection of two dissimilar chronic wasting disease isolates in two captive Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis) herds: Two distinctive chronic wasting disease isolates identified in captive elk, Tracy A. Nichols, Eric M. Nicholson, Yihui Liu, Wanyin Tao, Terry R. Spraker, Michael Lavelle, Justin W. Fischer, Qingzhong Kong, and Kurt C. Vercauteren

Variation in Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in definitive and intermediate hosts in Hawaii, a global hotspot of rat lungworm disease, Chris Niebuhr, Shane R. Siers, Israel Leinbach, Lisa M. Kaluna, and Susan I. Jarvi

Short Term Safety, Immunogenicity, and Reproductive Effects of Combined Vaccination With Anti-GnRH (Gonacon) and Rabies Vaccines in Female Feral Cats, Shiri Novak, Boris Yakobson, Shir Sorek, Liat Morgan, Smadar Tal, Ran Nivy, Roni King, Lauren Jaebker, Douglas C. Eckery, and Tal Raz

Short Term Safety, Immunogenicity, and Reproductive Effects of Combined Vaccination With Anti-GnRH (Gonacon) and Rabies Vaccines in Female Feral Cats, Shiri Novak, Boris Yakobson, Shir Sorek, Liat Morgan, Smadar Tal, Ran Nivy, Roni King, Lauren Jaebker, Douglas C. Eckery, and Tal Raz

Avian visual ecologists should consider UV absorbance and all sensory modalities: A response to Wisenden et al. (2020), Sean T. O'Daniels, Scott J. Werner, and Ken Yasukawa

Population genomics of invasive rodents on islands: Genetic consequences of colonization and prospects for localized synthetic gene drive, Kevin P. Oh, Aaron B. Shiels, Laura Shiels, Dimitri V. Blondel, Karl J. Campbell, J. Royden Saah, Alun L. Lloyd, Paul Q. Thomas, Fred Gould, Zaid Abdo, John R. Godwin, and Antoinette J. Piaggio

Nicarbazin as an oral contraceptive in eared doves, Lourdes Olivera, Silvia Pereyra, Georgget Banchero, Guillermo Tellechea, Jorge Sawchik, Michael L. Avery, and Ethel Rodríguez

Factors Influencing Survival Rates of Pronghorn Fawns in Idaho, Brett R. Panting, Eric M. Gese, Mary M. Conner, and Scott Bergen

Using Enclosed Y-Mazes to Assess Chemosensory Behavior in Reptiles, M. Rockwell Parker, Andrea F. Currylow, Eric A. Tillman, Charlotte J. Robinson, Jilian M. Josimovich, Isabella M.G. Bukovich, Lauren A. Nazarian, Melia G. Nafus, Bryan M. Kluever, and Amy A. Yackel Adams

The consequences of predators without prey, Mitchell A. Parsons, Thomas M. Newsome, and Julie K. Young

Social structure defines spatial transmission of African swine fever in wild boar, Kim M. Pepin, Andrew J. Golnar, and Tomasz Podgórski

A framework for surveillance of emerging pathogens at the human-animal interface: Pigs and coronaviruses as a case study, Kim M. Pepin, Ryan S. Miller, and Mark Q. Wilber

A novel technique to improve capture success of common ravens, Lindsey R. Perry, Terrah M. Owens, Zachary T. Slick, Jimmy Taylor, and Jonathan B. Dinkins

Responses of turkey vultures to unmanned aircraft systems vary by platform, Morgan B. Pfeiffer, Bradley F. Blackwell, Thomas W. Seamans, Bruce N. Buckingham, Joshua L. Hoblet, and Patrice E. Baumhardt

Environmental DNA for conservation, Antoinette J. Piaggio

How do genetic relatedness and spatial proximity shape African swine fever infections in wild boar?, Tomasz Podgórski, Kim M. Pepin, Anna Radko, Angelika Podbielska, Magdalena Łyjak, Grzegorz Woźniakowski, and Tomasz Borowik

Sex and nest type influence avian blood parasite prevalence in a high-elevation bird community, Marina D. Rodriguez, Paul F. Doherty, Antoinette J. Piaggio, and Kathryn P. Huyvaert

Factors leading to successful island rodent eradications following initial failure, Araceli Samaniego, Peter Kappes, Keith Broome, Steve Cranwell, Richard Griffiths, Grant Harper, Pete McClelland, Russell Palmer, Gerard Rocamora, Keith Springer, David Will, and Shane Siers

Contemporary challenges and opportunities for the management of bird damage at field crop establishment, Christophe Sausse, Alice Baux, Michel Bertrand, Elsa Bonnaud, Sonia Canavelli, Alexandra Destrez, Page E. Klug, Lourdes Olivera, Ethel Rodriguez, Guilllermo Tellechea, and Sebastian Zuil

Modeling Mongoose Rabies in the Caribbean: A Model-Guided Fieldwork Approach to Identify Research Priorities, Caroline C. Sauvé, Erin E. Rees, Amy T. Gilbert, Are R. Berentsen, Agathe Allibert, and Patrick A. Leighton

Alfaxalone Successfully Immobilizes Small Indian Mongooses (Urva auropunctata): A Field Report, Caroline C. Sauvé, Yves Rondenay, Are R. Berentsen, Mel J. Rivera-Rodriguez, and Patrick A. Leighton

The evolutionary consequences of human–wildlife conflict in cities, Christopher J. Schell, Lauren Stanton, Julie K. Young, Lisa Angeloni, Joanna E. Lambert, Stewart W. Breck, and Maureen H. Murray

SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Escaped Mink, Utah, USA, Susan A. Shriner, Jeremy W. Ellis, J. Jeffrey Root, Annette Roug, Scott R. Stopak, Gerald W. Wiscomb, Jared R. Zierenberg, Hon S. Ip, Mia Kim Torchetti, and Thomas J. DeLiberto

Influenza A virus surveillance, infection and antibody persistence in snow geese (Anser caerulescens), Susan A. Shriner, J. Jeffrey Root, Jeremy W. Ellis, Kevin T. Bentler, Kaci K. VanDalen, Thomas Gidlewski, and Sarah N. Bevins

Allometric Regression of Snake Body Length from Head Image Measurements, Shane R. Siers

Evaluating lethal toxicant doses for the largest individuals of an invasive vertebrate predator with indeterminate growth, Shane R. Siers, Scott M. Goetz, Rachel M. Volsteadt, and Melia G. Nafus

Deterring non-target birds from toxic bait sites for wild pigs, Nathan P. Snow, Joseph M. Halseth, Justin A. Foster, Michael J. Lavelle, Justin W. Fischer, Michael P. Glow, Ingrid A. Messer, Seth M. Cook, and Kurt C. VerCauteren

Daily and Landscape Influences of Species Visitation to Toxic Bait Sites for Wild Pigs, Nathan P. Snow, Joseph M. Halseth, Michael P. Glow, Michael Lavelle, Justin Fischer, Eric H. VanNatta, and Kurt C. Vercauteren

Anthraquinone repellent seed treatment on corn reduces feeding by wild pigs, Nathan P. Snow, Joseph M. Halseth, Scott J. Werner, and Kurt C. Vercauteren

Efficacy and risks from a modified sodium nitrite toxic bait for wild pigs, Nathan P. Snow, Jason Wishart, Justin A. Foster, Linton D. Staples, and Kurt C. Vercauteren

Variation in reversal learning by three generalist mesocarnivores, Lauren A. Stanton, Eli S. Bridge, Joost Huizinga, Shylo R. Johnson, Julie K. Young, and Sarah Benson‑Amram

Conflict, coexistence, or both? Cougar habitat selection, prey composition, and mortality in a multiple-use landscape, David C. Stoner, Mark A. Ditmer, Dustin L. Mitchell, Julie K. Young, and Michael L. Wolfe

An Evaluation of Body-grip Trap Trigger Configurations for Reducing River Otter Take Incidental to Beaver Trapping, Alec J. Sundelius, Nicholas Forman, Nathan M. Roberts, Shawn T. Rossler, David B. Ruid, and Robert C. Willging

Evaluating the effects of mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) management on conifer stocking in western Oregon, Jimmy D. Taylor and Vanessa M. Petro

A framework to evaluate whether to pool or separate behaviors in a multilayer network, Annemarie van der Marel, Sanjay Prasher, Chelsea Carminito, Claire L. O'Connell, Alexa Phillips, Bryan M. Kluever, and Elizabeth A. Hobson

Measuring adrenal and reproductive hormones in hair from Southern Beaufort Sea polar bears (Ursus maritimus), Marilize Van der Walt, Lorin A. Neuman-Lee, Patricia A. Terletzky, Todd C. Atwood, Eric M. Gese, and Susannah S. French

Occurrence of mesocarnivores in montane sky islands: How spatial and temporal overlap informs rabies management in a regional hotspot, Amanda M. Veals, John Koprowski, David L. Bergman, Kurt C. Vercauteren, and David B. Wester

Avian Use of Exotic Street Treescapes in Metropolitan Areas of Phoenix, Arizona, Brian E. Washburn, Karen Hoss, and David L. Bergman

Comparing Management Programs to Reduce Red–tailed Hawk Collisions with Aircraft, Brian Washburn, Craig K. Pullins, Travis L. Guerrant, Gregory J. Martinelli, and Scott F. Beckerman

Toxicity of sodium nitrite-based vertebrate pesticides for European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), Scott J. Werner, Shelagh T. DeLiberto, Hailey E. McLean, Katherine E. Horak, and Kirt C. VerCauteren

A Sonic Net reduces damage to sunflower by blackbirds (Icteridae): Implications for broad-scale agriculture and crop establishment, Amanda K. Werrell, Page E. Klug, Romuald N. Lipcius, and John P. Swaddle

Best Management Practices for Trapping Furbearers in the United States, H. Bryant White, Gordon R. Batcheller, Edward K. Boggess, Clifford L. Brown, Joseph W. Butfiloski, Thomas A. Decker, John D. Erb, Michael W. Fall, David A. Hamilton, Tim L. Hiller, George F. Hubert Jr., Matthew J. Lovallo, John F. Olson, and Nathan M. Roberts

Surveys for ticks on wildlife hosts and in the environment at Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis)-positive sites in Virginia and New Jersey, 2018, Seth A. White, Sarah N. Bevins, Mark G. Ruder, David Shaw, Stacey L. Vigil, Adam Randall, Thomas J. DeLiberto, Kristen Dominguez, Alec T. Thompson, James W. Mertins, Jeffrey T. Alfred, and Michael J. Yabsley

Invader removal triggers competitive release in a threatened avian predator, J. David Wiens, Katie M. Dugger, J. Mark Higley, Damon B. Lesmeister, Alan B. Franklin, Keith A. Hamm, Gary C. White, Krista E. Dilione, David C. Simon, Robin R. Bown, Peter C. Carlson, Charles B. Yackulic, James D. Nichols, James E. Hines, Raymond J. Davis, David W. Lamphear, Christopher McCafferty, Trent L. McDonald, and Stan G. Sovern